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  #61  
Old Posted May 17, 2020, 6:22 PM
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BolliBatlu BolliBatlu is offline
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Coronavirus Science & Technology - Worldwide

Global research on coronavirus disease (COVID-19)
http://hdr.undp.org/

How wearables can assist in curbing spread of covid-19

New study suggests COVID-19 may become seasonal; countries must continue physical distancing until 2022
Explained: How will the coronavirus pandemic play out? Some possible scenarios, from research

Cytokine Storms May Be Fueling Some COVID Deaths
Specialized Proteins May Halt the Severe Cytokine Storms Seen in COVID-19 Patients

Early Data Suggests People Taking Hydroxychloroquine, Other Autoimmune Drugs Still Susceptible to COVID-19
Hydroxychloroquine in the management of critically ill patients with COVID-19: the need for an evidence base

Early peek at data on Gilead coronavirus drug suggests patients are responding to treatment
What is remdesivir? Gilead Sciences drug reportedly shows promise treating coronavirus

COVID-19 patients’ response to plasma gives hope

Google Cloud Healthcare API focused on interoperability, during pandemic and beyond
Google unveils tech to make it easier for doctors and patients to share health info

Coronavirus may be aided by body's own immune response to enter more cells: Study

Use of hydroxychloroquine shows no benefit for treating COVID-19 patients: Report

Can genome sequencing unravel the Covid-19 riddle?

Chinese medics may be injected with newly developed COVID-19 vaccine by year-end: Health official
Coronavirus vaccines: An overview of where we stand

US government experiments with simulations to show the coronavirus can 'quickly' be destroyed by SUNLIGHT, but notes the results are yet to be proven
HIGHER TEMPS CUT VIRUS LIFE: William Bryan on how virus survives

What does this mean - roam in sunlight without breaking lockdown rules. Can do suryanamaskar to scortching Sun. Alas, isopropyl alcohol (rubbing alcohol or propan-2-ol or isopropanol or 2-propanol) is not drinkable - but can be used for cleaning hands & face with care!

Deep Dive: COVID-19 Spurs Biometric Innovations For A Contactless Global Society

Post COVID-19, World Will See Surge In Deep Tech Such As Augmented And Virtual Reality

A cheap paper device is being developed in UK to detect Covid-19 cases from waste water

Virus could cling to air pollutants
COVID-19 gene detected in air pollutants: Study

If sunlight is able to kill them then during summer they may not be able to travel long distances unless helped by wind. Let us hope will be eliminate virus before rainy season.

Covid-19 may spread via speech, says study

Preference for Collaborative and Open COVID Innovation and Creativity

Coronavirus global updates, April 25: WHO says “no evidence” that recovered patients cannot be reinfected

Covid-19 has blown apart the myth of Silicon Valley innovation

WHO, global partners join forces to develop COVID-19 technologies

Covid warrants global unity for innovation

NASA Contributes Expertise, Ingenuity to COVID-19 Fight

Robots that disinfect surfaces with UV light to join Covid-19 fight

Recovered patients may not be immune to Covid-19: WHO

Explained: Where does Covid-19 virus first strike? Study pinpoints two cell types in nose
How Coronavirus enters the body: Here’s what researchers have found
Coronavirus attacks lining of blood vessels all over the body, Swiss study finds
Coronavirus can infect cells of the intestine, and replicate there too!
First detailed images of coronavirus show how deadly bug multiplies in the gut

Expect new innovations from global grad show to fend off Covid-19 threat

Opinion: How social enterprises are playing a role in COVID-19 response

Tech Innovation assisting Countries to combat COVID-19

New Covid-19 debate: How does coronavirus enter our body and can it transmit sexually?
Coronavirus can transmit through sex, say Chinese researchers in shocking finding

UK Scientists Plan to Expand Human Trials of Potential COVID-19 Vaccine

Hotter and humid weather may not stop COVID-19: Study

Could Vitamin D deficiency be harmful to COVID-19 patients?

Intellectual discourse Post-COVID 19: Technology catalyzing how to research and disseminate

Triple antiviral combo shows early promise: Study
New antiviral drug combo shows promise against Covid-19: Study

Covid-19 vaccine: The search for a coronavirus cure

Corona research round-up: New antibody test, mother's milk; more

Coronavirus: 60 to 70 % population will get Covid-19, if vaccine not developed in 2 yrs, says US professor

Covid-19 may have originated from recombined bat, pangolin coronaviruses

Saliva test could boost Covid-19 detection

Priced at $5 and taking just minutes, new antigen test in US could be Covid ‘game-changer’

Coronavirus: Here's why men are more vulnerable to COVID-19 infection

Oxford University's Covid-19 vaccine test on monkeys shows promise

COVID-19 vaccine current status: Here are the 9 top contenders for coronavirus vaccines

COVID-19 accelerating investments in cloud, AI and cybersecurity: Microsoft India President

US Researchers Find Antimicrobial Coating Kills Coronavirus For 90 Days

Screen COVID-19 patients for blood clotting abnormalities: Study

India could avoid 72 per cent of COVID-19 cases after lockdown by closing red light areas: Yale and Harvard study

WHO backs COVID-19 vaccine trials that deliberately infect participants

Study shows cats can transmit coronavirus to each other without showing symptoms

Coronavirus crisis: The Race for a Cure

New model to estimate impact of interventions in controlling COVID-19 pandemic: Study

Indian-origin minister unveils new multi-million-pound vaccine facility in UK
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  #62  
Old Posted May 20, 2020, 3:52 AM
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BolliBatlu BolliBatlu is offline
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Border Blockade (Kerala)

Border Blockade Issue (Kerala)

Kasaragod patients’ insistence on choice of hospitals puts DK officials in a fix

Go to doc in Kasaragod before rushing to M’luru, says expert

Seven who crossed State border booked, sent to quarantine

Kerala family take the sea route to beat Mangaluru blockade

Less clarity on Kerala-Karnataka border brings out reality of interdependence for survey officials

Kerala also erects check-post on border with Karnataka at Talapady

Coastal Karnataka ensures supply of essentials to north Kerala amidst lockdown

Kerala CM Pinarayi Vijayan's Kannada tweet on Basava Jayanti wins hearts

16 migrants including pregnant woman stuck at Talapady

Home’s near but far even after walking, hitchhiking from Maharashtra
Keralites walk, hitchhike trucks to reach border, but entry to state only for those with cars

A day after becoming COVID-19 free, Kasaragod reports four new cases
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Officially, Kasaragod has a reception centre only at Thalappady on the National Highway 66 to receive non-resident Keralites. But stringers working for vernacular newspapers said vehicles coming from Bengaluru preferred Mudur route as it was shorter. Vehicles entering Kasaragod from Mudur could head for Adoor, and then to Palanchi, Bethurpara, Kundamkuzhi and reach Poinachi on the National Highway. From Poinachi, one could go either to Kanhangad for Kasaragod. Also, two days ago, Melparamba police saw four fishermen -- three from Kollam and one from Marthandam in Kanyakumari district -- walking on the railway track.
Heavy rush at Talapady check-post
Ban on entry of unregistered Keralites through Talapady

Locals allege railway employees violating quarantine rules, seek action
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The residents near the railway stations also allege that majority of railway employees especially from Kerala commute to Kerala regularly to save rent. For this, they follow the practice of completing their split duty in a single shift by working for long hours. Then they go to their hometowns for two days rest without mentioning leave in attendance register. In similar fashion, many employees who went to Kerala had got stuck there due to the unexpected lockdown. When the administration noticed the absence of employees for several days, an enquiry was conducted. As per rule, railway employees should reside within a radius of five kilometres from the railway station. After preliminary enquiry, a few who went to their hometowns without applying leave or informing higher officials were instructed to join for work. Fearing suspension and action, many returned from Kerala illegally. Several of them returned in trains which left from Kerala to north Indian states carrying migrant workers.
Youths from either side might lose jobs due to Kerala border closure
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Several concerns which had stopped functioning because of lockdown rules, have now begun operations with minimum staff. The companies having employees from the neighbouring states have asked them to report for duties. People from Kerala working in Mangaluru have to report for work and likewise, people from Dakshina Kannada working in Kerala are under pressure to re-join work. When the borders will open is uncertain as yet.
Karnataka govt employees too stuck in Kerala

Migrant workers turn edgy, hit rail track to reach Mangaluru, sent back

Kerala students worried as Karnataka forgets to include them in exam plants

Bride stuck at border during 'Muhurtham'; couple gets married at dusk, goes in quarantine
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  #63  
Old Posted Jun 8, 2020, 9:15 AM
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Urban Planning - Worldwide

Cities are on the front lines of COVID-19

Building urban resilience in the face of COVID-19

Implications of COVID-19 for the Environment and Sustainability
Ten Thoughts on the Future of Practice
Ten Thoughts on the Future of Practice

Urban planning crucial for better public health in cities
Integrating health in urban and territorial planning

Public health experts should be at the urban design table: Consultant

Cities are at centre of coronavirus pandemic – understanding this can help build a sustainable, equal future

The Future of Cities

An urban planner mapped every NYC street, showing it's 'extremely difficult' to maintain social distance

COVID-19 Could Force City Planners To Rethink Their Priorities

Urban densities and the Covid-19 pandemic: Upending the sustainability myth of global megacities

Disease and urban densities
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India and other countries must therefore do everything possible to tackle the increasingly unmanageable population densities of their urban agglomerations. Urban planning will have to factor in realistic estimates of population growth and demographics to arrive at a “critical mass” against which cities will have to ensure provision of public amenities and services. They may also study some of China’s interventions to deal with ‘Chengshi Bing’ (literally meaning ‘big city disease’) that have successfully led to population decline in Beijing and Shanghai, two of its densest cities. The task is not easy, but the next, more severe biological disaster may be just around the corner. It will be unwise and indeed perilous to allow nature to play the balancing act.
Architects and built environment professionals from around the world on COVID-19 and sustainability
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“The authorities must now give priority to the inclusion of informal settlements. It’s high time for investment and innovation, because in overpopulated slum communities, for example, social distancing simply doesn’t work.” – Indian architect Avneesh Tiwari.
Coronavirus has exposed the fragility of auto-centric cities

Reclaiming the future for cities after COVID-19
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Third, urban mobility will undergo a series of corrections. For one, public buses, trains and ferries may come back more aggressively than before.
How? What happens to social distancing?

Safer, more sustainable transport in a post-Covid-19 world

Milan to retrofit 22 miles of urban streets for post-COVID pedestrian use
How the COVID-19 crisis inspired this major Italian city to transform its polluted streets – for good
Milan announces ambitious scheme to reduce car use after lockdown
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Milan is to introduce one of Europe’s most ambitious schemes reallocating street space from cars to cycling and walking, in response to the coronavirus crisis.
Good if there is protection measures against sun, rain and snow depending upon climate zone/season.

Coronavirus: Urban planners across Europe reclaim the streets from cars during lockdown
'Cleaner and greener': Covid-19 prompts world's cities to free public space of cars

Paris Has a Plan to Keep Cars Out After Lockdown
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“I say in all firmness that it is out of the question that we allow ourselves to be invaded by cars, and by pollution,” she said. “It will make the health crisis worse. Pollution is already in itself a health crisis and a danger — and pollution joined up with coronavirus is a particularly dangerous cocktail. So it’s out of the question to think that arriving in the heart of the city by car is any sort of solution, when it could actually aggravate the situation.”
Paris Plans to Maintain Anti-Pollution and Anti-Congestion Measures post Covid-19 Lockdown

COVID-19: Innovative! Copenhagen’s ‘floating islands’ set to create recreational space for public parks

Barcelona lays out plan to support recovery of mobility after lockdown

Leicester: City’s COVID-19 Transport Recovery Plan published

Can Indian cities adopt walk-to-work, cycling easily?

How the coronavirus is already reshaping the design of parks and streets in New South Wales

Coronavirus outbreak: Montreal expands city's urban planning for pedestrians, cyclists amid pandemic

City of Vancouver seeking to fast track housing projects due to coronavirus impact

Sydney: More cycleways, streets to shut, footpaths widened under NSW's COVID-19 plan

Urban farms to traffic bans: Cities prep for post-coronavirus future
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Cities will aim to become more self-reliant and resilient, with a focus on transport, energy and food security, he added.
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Now, authorities from Bogota to Philadelphia are looking at mobility, adding more bicycle lanes and barring traffic from some streets so more people can walk safely during lockdowns - measures planners say will be long lasting.

In Paris mayor Anne Hidalgo is aiming for the “quarter-hour city”, where most daily needs are within a 15-minute walk, bike ride or public transport commute, to reduce congestion and pollution, and improve quality of life.
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Urban farming is an under-exploited “low hanging fruit”, with many potential benefits including more livelihoods and improved household nutrition of the urban poor, said Paul Teng, dean of the National Institute of Education in Singapore.
Greener and cleaner: Reimagining our cities in the wake of COVID-19[/B]

After COVID-19, Urban Planning Will Never Be The Same

City leaders aim to shape green recovery from coronavirus crisis

Blue-sky thinking: how cities can keep air clean after coronavirus

Bikes starting to push cars out of cities thanks to COVID-19

France’s plan to push pedal power to keep post-pandemic pollution levels low

World Bank, Maldives sign $16.5m project to support resilient urban development

How Will Americans Commute After Lockdowns End?

3 Ways China’s Transport Sector Is Working to Recover from COVID-19 Lockdowns
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1. Repositioning Public Transport with New Health Standards, Contact Tracing

...

Some municipal bus operators, like in Beijing and Shenzhen, are also encouraging people to use traceable payment methods like WeChat, Alipay or transit smart cards, instead of cash. These payment methods not only cut down on exposure risks, but also help local authorities trace possible contacts and quickly inform passengers and relevant communities if a passenger is diagnosed with COVID-19. Shanghai has put QR codes in its buses and is encouraging passengers to scan and register their contact information.

Chinese cities have also adopted data-driven tracking and scheduling systems that may fundamentally change the future of transit operations. In Suzhou, the pilot city of WRI’s Transit Metropolis Project, a smart transit platform analyzes crowd distribution inside buses in near-real time and identifies the volume of passengers in each vehicle through smart transit cards. The system proved helpful during the COVID-19 outbreak, when the vehicle occupancy information was made available to the public to allow the staggering of travel time and is now helping the city monitor a slow return to normal.

...

2. Reviving Bike Sharing as a Reliable, Low-Carbon Mobility Mode

...

Local municipalities and companies have encouraged this trend and taken steps to ensure bike sharing’s accessibility and safety. Meituan took the initiative to disinfect all bikes on the street in the cities they operate regardless of the brand, and other companies have followed. Meanwhile, city regulators such as the Beijing Municipal Commission of Transport have banned bike-sharing companies from increasing prices during the pandemic.

...

3. Smarter Urban Freight

...

Besides changes in freight operations, the pandemic may also lead to changes in freight vehicles. To tackle issues with road closures and exposure risks, contact-less, last-mile deliveries have been prototyped using autonomous, electric delivery robots. For example, Jingdong Logistics, a package delivery firm, performed last-mileage delivery to a hospital in Wuhan using autonomous robots. Although widespread adoption still requires substantial legislative and regulatory enablers, this potentially low-emission solution could be a glimpse into the future.

...
Covid-19: How South Korea turned an urban planning system into a virus tracking database

A functional city’s response to the COVID-19 pandemic

How cities can manage travel demands in post-COVID-19 societies

Urban Mobility Redesign and Rethinking During the Coronavirus Pandemic

Coronavirus inspires cities to push climate-friendly mobility

COVID-19 prompts rethinking of urban mobility and city planning
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Physical exercises also help to develop immune systems. Non-motorized transport runs on 0 energy emissions as the cleanest form of transport. So, it helps in reducing transport sector emissions along with ensures safe mobility in case of future pandemics.
How has COVID-19 impacted 2020’s mobility trends?
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...

2. MaaS is multimodal

The second prediction is that traffic management will be recognised as a significant portion of Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS). It is expected that Traffic Management 2.0 (TM 2.0) and Transportation Systems Management and Operations (TSMO) will be integrated into MaaS in 2020. The potential impact of COVID-19 on this prediction is minimal because including data from traffic management and operations should not be affected by a pandemic even though mobility choices certainly will be affected.

3. Public autonomous transport

The third prediction is that autonomous vehicles (AVs) will actually be put into public transport service, rather than being operated just in pilots and trials.

...
How remote work and COVID-19 will impact city planning: Jennifer Keesmaat Q&A

Opinion: Redesigning The COVID-19 City

Don’t blame dense cities for the spread of coronavirus

Is your neighborhood raising your coronavirus risk? Redlining decades ago set communities up for greater danger

As coronavirus forces us to keep our distance, city density matters less than internal density
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High internal densities linked to spread

So what kind of density is relevant for the spread of coronavirus? It has become increasingly clear COVID-19 is mainly transmitted through extended close contact, particularly in enclosed spaces, where droplets and aerosols accumulate. The density that matters is internal population density – generally measured as square metres per person.

Thus, high-risk places can include dormitories, open-plan offices, churches, hospitals, public transport, planes and cruise ships. The evidence to date points to much less transmission through casual contacts in outdoor spaces such as streets or parks.
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Internal densities are geared to wealth. This means some people live and work under conditions where they can adapt to this virus and some do not. If we look at the densities in New York, for example, we find COVID-19 cases so far do not correlate with the density of Manhattan. Instead, cases are concentrated in the outer suburban areas of Queens, Brooklyn, Staten Island and The Bronx.
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What we need to do is design a more equitable city without the internal densities that have proven so deadly.
Is the City Itself the Problem?
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The dense urban environment can also be an asset in fighting disasters like Covid-19. Density means cities can more easily concentrate resources and social services where needed. Residents, in theory, have quicker access to hospitals and health care. And when nurtured by “social infrastructure” — community centers, libraries, and yes, public parks — cities can generate lifesaving networks of social ties which combat isolation and mitigate the effects of disasters.
Covid-19 will likely speed up shift to decentralise CBD, experts say

Coronavirus is dark side of an urban interconnected world: Kemp
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Great cities have often been able to achieve much higher levels of economic output per capita, and hence income and wealth, than smaller secondary cities and rural areas. Their exceptional productivity and incomes is what has made them attractive to migrants, nationally and internationally, but they have always been unhealthy places.
The myth of great cities had been broken a long back - Real performing India is not on radar: Economist S Gurumurthy 17:10.

COVID-19: The need is to decentralise how we manage wastewater
In Ethiopia, Keeping Water Flowing During the COVID-19 (Coronavirus) Response

'Idiocy of our current urban systems': Inequality, not high-density cities, to blame for COVID-19's spread

As far as India is concerned, inequality can be tackled more economically in Tier-II/III cities than tier-I cities. So, let us create jobs and ask migrant to move to those cities.

Urban density and disease: U of T historian on whether COVID-19 will influence city planning

Urban slums are uniquely vulnerable to COVID-19: Here's how to help
Quote:
Simply staying home is rarely an option for them, as it often means giving up work and even basic necessities like food, water and sanitation.
Is Your Neighborhood Raising Your Coronavirus Risk?

COVID-19: How past crises are helping the world's cities to respond and rebuild

Coronavirus can help us to reclaim our streets

A Closer Look at the Post-COVID-19 Office Landscape

COVID-19 has affected SDG and townships planning applications
COVID-19 Intensifies the Urgency to Expand Sustainable Energy Solutions Worldwide

How should L.A. be redesigned for coronavirus? Are doorknobs out? We asked the experts

Cities And COVID-19: Preparing For Pandemics – Analysis

The Post-Pandemic Style
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Although the situation is still unfolding, already the COVID-19 pandemic is begetting new design theories. According to Architectural Digest, many designers and architects anticipate the broad implementation of automated touchless technologies—such as voice-activated elevators, hands-free light switches, and cellphone-controlled hotel room entry—in public spaces to mitigate against contagion. As the sanatorium inspired modernist buildings, so too might construction elements from 21st century health care be appropriated for public space, such as ventilation systems to remove contaminated air. Like the modernists who rejected ornament in service of hygiene, contemporary designers are likely to utilize anti-bacterial materials in forms that can be easily sanitized.

Speculating on the impact of social distancing on urban design, some suggest that architects may design smaller venues and more open spaces to alleviate density. By increasing the number of security lanes and automating check-in procedures, redesigned airports could reduce congestion and ease passenger flow. Depending on how productive remote work proves to be in this pandemic, virtual space may also hasten the decline of open offices. Already, co-working disrupter WeWork appears to be pivoting from shared desks to “buffer seating”—that is, the cubicle. Rather than a provisional fix, social distancing could become a design paradigm.
Office space should be flexible enough to address both as per conditions - social distancing during biocrisis and shared desks otherwise. Even airport, railway station etc designs should be flexible to address both conditions. Question is cost for flexibility.

City planning in the post-Covid-19 era will be very different
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Architects and planners need to rethink shared spaces, public or private, to make them controllable, manageable and able to be immediately re-purposed in an emergency.
Re-purposability or adaptability or flexibility or 'biocrisis resilience' is what needed. Other option is to continue working from home (assuming issues like security are addressed) and attend office only for meetings.

Balconies, bicycles and belonging: the future of communities after Covid-19

Coronavirus will change Pittsburgh, but how? Here are 26 local leaders' predictions for what's to come.

The Coronavirus and the future of Main Street

Post-Covid 19 development must be bold and inclusive
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Third, there’s nothing that creates equity more than good, safe housing.

...

Finally, developers need to be more community-driven than ever.

...
A Lesson from Social Distancing: Build Better Balconies

A balcony with enough sunlight is needed for Vitamin-D.

What the COVID-19 lockdowns can teach us about city design
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Planners may consider leaving small parcels of strategic urban land available for emergency food production or in case temporary medical facilities or housing need to be set up.
Coronavirus reminds us how liveable neighbourhoods matter for our well-being
We’re at a fork in the road: do we choose neighbourhoods to live, work and play in?

Commentary: Past pandemics changed the design of cities. Six ways COVID-19 could do the same
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Expect more people to embrace the Healthy Building Movement, an approach to improving health through strategies like greater natural light, improved ventilation, fewer toxic substances and the incorporation of plants and other natural materials. Think skylights, large windows, rooftop terraces, balconies and courtyards. Spaces for exercise and meditation could become standard along with home offices.
Now Is the Time to Embrace Density

Smart cities during COVID-19
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5. Finding new ways to make social isolation less isolating

Alongside Torino Social Impact, Nesta Italia and others have set up an open crowdsourced platform, Torino Come Stai? (Turin How Are You?) While still in early development, the platform aims to create a useful resource for those who are in quarantine. ...

Better collaboration between cities

Collective intelligence approaches are also enabling better collaboration between cities. Networks of ‘intelligent cities’ are pooling knowledge and resources about effective real-time pandemic responses. Examples are found along a continuum ranging from more centralised to more open, distributed approaches. ...

Other more open and collaborative models have emerged too, such as the Cities For Global Health platform. It seeks to blur traditional boundaries between local, regional, city levels of administration to find collective responses to deal with this crisis. ...
Small is beautiful: Planning for a post-Covid world

How COVID-19 Is Changing Our Perspective on Playgrounds

Coronavirus: we're in a real-time laboratory of a more sustainable urban future
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These can be summed up in ten ideas that cities could implement after this crisis:

...
If more of us work from home after coronavirus we’ll need to rethink city planning
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Data from Aussie Broadband show evening peak broadband use has increased 25% during the shutdown. Additional daytime increases are expected due to home schooling with term 2 starting.
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With more people working from home, domestic energy use in the middle of the day is noticeably higher. Some 30% of customers use an average of 1.5kWh more electricity between 9am and 5pm.
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With these trends in mind, future investment in roads, public transport, energy and telecommunications will need to consider the likelihood of more people working from home.
Get me out of here! Americans flee crowded cities amid COVID-19, consider permanent moves

How COVID-19 could change the way cities look and operate after the lockdowns

Maze parks to micromarkets: How coronavirus could bring cities closer to home

Cities, Battered by COVID-19, Remain Key to Recovery. How Can Investments Be Well Spent?

We can’t let coronavirus kill our cities. Here’s how we can save urban life

Cities are especially vulnerable to COVID-19. These organizations are leading the urban response.

How Coronavirus Will Change City Life47:32

Coronavirus spotlights equity and access issues with children’s right to play

Our cities may never look the same again after the pandemic

So coronavirus will change cities – will that include slums?

Urban Resilience: Learnings from COVID-19
Quote:
2. Urban food security

...

Cuban urban gardens started as a response to the economic crisis of the early 1990s. following the collapse of the Soviet Union. The country, then heavily dependent on food imports, shifted to local food production. Urban farms were one of the positive outcomes of this shift. Today, Cuba’s urban farms produce over 65% of the country’s food on only 25% of its land.

...

In Havana, agriculture occupies 46% of the city’s surface or 35,900 ha (FAO). In 2012, food production in the city reached 63 million kg of vegetables and 20 million kg of fruit. The generated food surplus goes to social needs: up to 10% of the local produce goes to schools, hospitals and universities at subsidised prices. In addition, families use 89,000 backyards and 5,100 plots of less than 800 sqm to grow fruit and vegetables for their own consumption. In densely populated areas, food is produced in containers on rooftops and balconies.

...

In Germany, 20% of the agriculture is to be organically farmed by 2030 (Organic Food Production Alliance), which showcases the country’s consciousness for healthy eating habits. Berlin is at the forefront of the movement: many of its 3.6 million inhabitants want local, healthy and sustainable food. Over 80,000 households have a vegetable garden. People are growing high-quality organic fruit and vegetables in parks and on vacant plots.
FEATURE-Could coronavirus lockdowns help close Latin America's digital divide?

Airport cities and aerotropolises after the COVID-19 pandemic

Community organizations are indispensable partners in the COVID-19 crisis

How Smart City Planning Could Slow Future Pandemics

Will Covid-19 show us how to design better cities?

Tactical Urbanism: Reimagining Our Cities post-Covid-19

Coronavirus fallout could increase multifamily construction demand in suburbs

Closure of public loos to stop the spread of coronavirus could cause new health disaster: Anger as parks and beauty spots are defiled with waste

What is the future of metropolises after COVID-19 pandemic?

Insights from Big Data on How COVID-19 Is Changing Society

Architecture post COVID-19: the Profession, the Firms, and the Individuals


Webinars

Build Back Better: Cities at the Frontlines of COVID-19 Impact and Recovery
Webinar on Tactical Urbanism as COVID 19 Response - April 02, 2020
CTBUH India Webinar: Post-Pandemic Urban Design
UrbanNous
Webinar NLinSF: Urban Planning and Transportation after Covid-19
How Architecture and Interior Design Reduce the Risk of COVID-19
IFAT India webinar: Part 1-Impact of COVID 19 on Urban Development- How cities are tackling pandemic 2
Adapting Urban Density in the Age of Pandemics
Coping with the urban impacts of COVID-19 and imagining the aftermath
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  #64  
Old Posted Jun 8, 2020, 10:56 AM
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Urban Planning - India

Post-pandemic cities: Will changes wrought by coronavirus outbreak on urban structures be the 'new normal'?

Will the Covid-19 crisis change the face of Indian cities?
Quote:
Covid-19 might reignite the debate on the trade-off between densification and sprawl in cities among urban planners. Space in a rapidly urbanising India is a premium, resulting in the preference for compact city-planning models. Such cities are generally more productive, manageable and energy-efficient, but at the same time are also more vulnerable to contagion and more strongly exhibit socio-economic disparities.

On the other hand, urban sprawls may have greater liveability and wellbeing in such a crisis. Covid-19 will at least nudge planners to factor in mitigation strategies such as social distancing when conceptualising norms for all future planning.
Mumbai fared better than global cities against Covid-19: Experts

How COVID-19 can change urban planning in India

urban agglomeration/cluster, corridor all are possible with a population totalling around 30 lakhs to have good infrastructure like transport (metro/suburb, airport, BRTS), health (supersepciality hospitals) etc.


Urban Planning Issues

‘I will never come back’: Many Indian migrant workers refuse to return to cities post lockdown

COVID-19 lockdown: Why some workers lost patience
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The rich now trusts the government most, while the less privileged experience an absence of the same
COVID-19 pandemic sheds light on urban inequality vs mobility needs in cities

COVID-19 exposes fault lines in peri-urban areas

Earth day musings: Can this pandemic change the idea of a city?

National Capital Rift: How Covid-19 Pandemic Unravelled the Myth of NCR

Mumbai’s Bandra-Worli Sea Link is a symbol of aspiration – and reckless development


Urban Planning Suggestive Actions

Fighting COVID-19 in cities

Covid-19 is a wake-up call for India’s cities, where radical improvements in sanitation and planning are needed

Sustainable Housing Can't Slip Under the Radar Once the COVID-19 Crisis Subsides
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It should be realised that a given land area can have many more smaller houses, therefore more number of people, than the number of bigger houses that would be possible in the same land area, having lesser number of people. Therefore, in the larger interest of justice and equality, it is numbers of people that must form the basis of the development strategy for land use and housing, and the concept of FSI should be discarded.
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Sooner than later, it will become critical for various state governments to undertake comprehensive planning of slums land in their respective cities with a new parameter, based on density rather than FSI as a planning tool.
If each slum has to be rebuilt to accommodate all residents in it with adequate living space for everyone residing in that slum then idea is alright. But it can not be done with independent houses as slum density are high.

In case government involves private builders then builder also need some return on his investment and hence more floor space to cover his expenditure. That may mean construction of more floors resulting in increased pressure on infrastructure & environment.

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It is high time that governments get out of such a failed arrangement and resort to undertaking the responsibility of promoting social housing.
If government has enough financial resources then it can do this.

But the best option is to generate employment opportunities in less populated tier-II/III cities and encourge slum dwellers (mainly migrants from these tier-II/III cities or nearby villages) to migrate back.

Why Covid-19 Is An Urban Health Crisis Resulting From Faulty Policy Priorities
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Two, as road and public transport infrastructure are improved, cities must be allowed to grow vertically multiple-fold. This is the only way to give people more elbow room in their own houses, as raising floor space indices will reduce land prices dramatically, allowing more lower and middle class citizens to buy small homes.
Transit-oriented development is prefered. But before growing vertically we should know all problems involved with it. Not only road it requires additional water, power, drainage infrastructure. More people definitely contribute to more air/water/land pollution. Tall building trap air pollution and also heat.

Better to settle migrants in a city nearer to the place were they have now reverse migrated or else in their village itself by creating jobs there.

Covid-19: India needs a green economic stimulus | Opinion
Quote:
... India’s EV trajectory need not replicate the rest of the world — most of the potential lies with two- and three-wheelers which make up a sizeable chunk of transportation in cities. An analysis by Carnegie Mellon with NITI Aayog shows how high upfront costs for electric two-wheelers due to the cost of battery packs can be reduced by domestic manufacturing of lithium-ion batteries, under the Make in India initiative. ...
A post-pandemic design revolution | India Today Insight
Quote:
Using AI for construction

The architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry is at a crossroads. For ages, the AEC industry has shied away from extensive use of artificial intelligence and software operating methodology. However, now the disruptive cloud computing technology, like Building Information Management (BIM) Development, is coaxing and guiding us all to be more collaborative, connected and transparent. The future of construction does not seem to be far from witnessing innovation, such as utilising the Internet of Things and leveraging 3D imaging to replicate the experience of a site, transforming the way the industry operates and functions.

—Anand Sharma, founder partner, Design Forum International
How effectively BIM can be used for achieving affordable housing sector goals? Whether in can be used for imposing inclusiveness criteria for sharing building resources? Whether building/land resources consumed by each person can be identified and taxed (property tax) accordingly?

Coronavirus Outbreak: Kerala's decentralised urban governance structure holds lessons for tackling pandemic

Decentralised urbanization is good but for other states not an easy task to achieve as Kerala depends a lot on expatriates and then migrant workers for local works. Anyway for inclusive growth of India we have to reduce dependency on a few tier-I cities. As Kerala's population is going down it has to encourage migrants for permanent settlement.

India should develop cost-effective, pollution-free and indigenous fuel option: Nitin Gadkari

Urban planning for the post-pandemic world

Learning about climate change from COVID-19 pandemic

Why COVID-19 can—and should—change how our cities are are designed

After COVID-19 India has to include migrant workers in urban planning

How to make Cities more Resilient post COVID-19

COVID-19 and its effects on Rail Transport Industry

Cities and COVID19: Preparing for Pandemics
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Density is not necessarily a negative characteristic of urban space. A report on reshaping economic geography shows that density helps economies grow; the higher the density, the shorter the distance between workers, businesses, and parts of supply chains.
A dense city of infinite size can not have shorter distance of supply chain. If this is not so then whole India can be clubbed into a single city for maximal economic benefit. A good supply chain is one when city size is proportional to the availability of resources nearer to it instead of getting resources from far off places. Decentralized urbanization can also yield shorter distance (for walk-to-work, walk-to-shop) between workers, businesses just like decentralized CBD. Clustering size should be determined by availability of resources nearer to it. It is better if migrant workers get a job in an industrial cluster city nearer to their home village. And financial burden on the government will also be reduced as it is catering for needs of poors in an economically cheaper city. We will discuss more about this, specialization (domain of excellence or vertical of excellence), trade, inclusiveness, environment, resilience, population distribution, SDGs, doughnut model and other economy aspects in globalization x localization.

Opinion | The Great Decentralization that coronavirus has heralded

Covid-19 should also speed up decentralized urbanization (that is urbanization of tier-II/III cities). That is no tier-I cities exceeding a population limit. I prefer 100 cities of 20-40 lakhs population than 10 cities of more than 60 lakh population. A city with about 30 lakh population can satisfy density requirements along with environment goals (size & density requirements for having a performing transport infrastructure like airport, health infrastructure, social infrastructure etc). It may be preferable as posted earlier to develop urban corridors of smaller cities than a few mega cities to mitigate urban heat island 2 effects. What we need is cities of optimum size & density neither losing benefits of economic agglomeration nor facing effects of negative economic agglomeration. How much resource area available to each city in the vicinity is also an important factor to develop self-reliant regions with a optimal-sized city/corridor at the core feeding smaller cities and villages in the region and vice versa. The self-reliant regions don't rely on other regions for essential goods & services hence can be easily isolated from others during any lockdown crisis. (The region can depend upon other region for non-essential goods & services. Each core city/region can have its own specialization area of non-essential goods & services.)(The core city can have many areas of specialization, smaller cities of the region can also have their own area of specialization.). This region can suitably be planned for internal circular migration from/to the villages to/from the core city during non-harvest/harvest seasons (assuming the core city depend upon the villages for food & the villages depend upon the core city for other essential products - ignoring dependency structure of other smaller cities). Question is what should be the optimum size of self-reliant regions and how many of them we need and what should be ideal population of each region & its core city and what is the percentage of essential goods & services for which it can depend upon others (for example, each region need not manufacture medical equipments which are also essential goods) and what percentage of inter-regional migration is safe.

COVID-19: Here's what decentralised planning teaches us to curb pandemics

Urban development for the economically weaker section is less than 15 per cent, says Ranjit Sabikhi

From SMART to sustainable cities: Is COVID19 an opportunity?

Mixed use developments to see an upsurge; Here’s why
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The development which is built around the concept of Live-Work-Learn-Play, is designed and planned in a manner so that one can ‘walk from home’ to all essential services including grocery stores, medical facilities, schools and work place. Apart from looking at essential services, the township is built with great detailing that caters to needs of all age groups and their convenience, like form entertainment, malls, sports facilities to open spaces like parks, walking tracks, etc. within walking distance. There are reputed schools within the integrated development to nurture students across the region. Most importantly, the smart city houses a business district that allows residents living and working in the locality risk free access during such testing times.

In my opinion, there will a rise of satellite offices in suburbs or extended MMR region as corporates prioritize employee health and wellness while ensuring business continuity as employees can walk from home to work and avoid dependence on public transport. HDFC Palava branch is a classic example of how offices will function in the future. Since a large number of its workforces stays in the smart city, the bank did not face challenge in business continuity. Employees could walk to work while the townships governance ensured sanitization protocols in the office keeping the safety of its employees as a priority.
Integrated Living Developments Will See Demand Post Covid-19
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One such city, result of intensive urban planning, is the Palava smart city in the KDMC area. The township was integrally built on planning and governance to promote the Live-Work-Play environment. During the time of crisis, the self-sustained city was ahead of the curve and quick to implement precautionary measures. Each neighborhood at Palava has instant access to security, grocery stores, medical facilities, and schools within a walking distance. Moreover, for a development to provide end-to-end solution to its residents, it’s important to have strong governance in place. Due to the existing infrastructure and right governance, day to day activities in Palava post the lockdown have been seamless. The city is witnessing smooth operations with just 20% of its manpower. From security with the help of 700 + CCV cameras and dedicated command centre, , sanitation, electricity, water supply to every essential activities, have been taken over by smart systems and processes with minimum human intervention. It was possible to quarantine and sanitize the township due to the presence of its central government model and its smart infrastructure at the core. A systematic process of disinfecting all common areas and regular temperature check at all gates was mandated to ensure safety of over 1 lac+ residents.

Online community channels like ‘Palava TV’ have kept the citizens updated and educated on how best to deal with the ongoing crisis. While on the other hand, residents have been duly following the social norms still finding ways to engage and help each other during these tough times, thus inculcating a strong sense of community and ownership. Beyond essential services and connectivity, Palava is built with great detailing that caters to the needs of all age groups and their convenience. From entertainment zones, malls, sports facilities to open spaces like parks, walking tracks, the city has an elaborate host of offerings. Some offerings seem basic, but during such unprecedented times makes one realize its value. For Eg: Within no time social distancing measures around the essential services stores were effortlessly possible because of planned broad roads and footpath around the stores coupled with apt governance by the in-house team.
When slum dwellers also get such facilities?

IT professionals may move away from Bengaluru's tech suburbs
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Kishore Jain, the Bengaluru president of real estate developer body Credai, said people would move into less congested areas only if the government moves to improve infrastructure there. For instance, on Kanakapura Road in the south of Bengaluru, the metro rail network is reaching beyond the city limits, and this type of transit-oriented development would benefit a large number of people, driving real estate investments as well, he added.
Instead let government focus on improving infrastructure in tier-II cities so that a few could move back to their dear native land!

COVID-19 Crisis: An Opportunity for Urban & Rural Local Self-Governments

The Way Forward for Public Transport amidst the COVID-19 Crisis

“Global cities are promoting cycling during COVID, Bengaluru should too”

Self-sufficient neighbourhoods are needed to make cities resilient
Mixed use developments to see an upsurge; Here’s why

Urban Clusters Have Become The Worst Covid-19 Hotspots; We Need To Reimagine Our Model Of Urbanisation

COVID-19 and green, open spaces: What is going to be our new normal?

We also require 'Resources Sensitive National Design and Planning' along with 'Water sensitive urban design and planning'.

A post-COVID-19 plan for future of our cities

Strengthen Local Governments, Focus On Dynamic Urban Planning, Experts Suggest
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Some key policy suggestions that came out in an online discussion of the findings:
  • India needs a new urban agenda to focus on dynamic urban planning processes and empowerment of city governments.
  • India must institute an urban job assurance programme as a longer-term policy option to address the looming economic crisis.
All is needed is decentralized urbanization by encouraging growth of tier-II/III cities. Urban job assurance scheme for tier-II/III cities of less than say 10 lakh will lessen migration to tier-I cities - A Job Guarantee Programme for Urban India. Only question is how Lutyens will manage without servents - they opt for DIY or home robot?

Coronavirus impact | Demand for multi-story urban warehousing facilities set to rise: Report

Warehouses for specialized products at supply points (near resources & manufacturing) and then multi-product warehouses at demand points (consumer locations) is fine. We need logistics hubs only for products for which we have failed to localize supply & demand due to specialization & trade benefits. We discuss more about this in globalization x localization.

Covid norms to shape Delhi’s next Master Plan
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“Every city should have a plan to deal with pandemics, we can’t be caught unawares. The master plan should also focus on benchmarking health infrastructure,” said R Srinivas, senior town and country planner, Town and Country Planning Organisation -- an urban planning body under the ministry of housing and urban affairs.
COVID-19 pandemic – Eye opener for better Remote Sensing Policies in India?

Redrawing City Plans for Poverty, Welfare – First Cap Population Growth
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Some of the urgent measures cities will have to consider are:[LIST][*]Urban plans will need to turn tables and plan for lesser people and cap populations like in Shanghai and Beijing[*]The traditional methods of planning will need to be replaced by livability as a criteria[*]Any kind of growth or reservations, which are anti-poor will need to be disincentivised[*]Poverty and welfare will need to be a top planning priority, with population surveys done[*]Change statutes to allow municipal corporations to plan for the entire city, even if the development of certain areas fall under parastatals[*]Enhance municipal budgets, and like South Africa and Brazil, bring in ‘equalisation grants’, or decentralise budgets from the central government to create adequate health and other infrastructure for the poor[*]Is it time that we start looking at measures like population capping and enhancing municipal budgets seriously if we want to build equitable cities.[LIST]
Will Lutyens allow Shanghai and Beijing norms in a democratic country?

‘equalisation grants’, or 'decentralise budgets' - any form of extra budget for cities of less than 10 lakh population to create opportunities for poor is always welcome along with urban job guarantee scheme.

Covid-19: Five lessons India should learn from the crisis to make cities more liveable for workers

Can Covid-19 finally bring a long-awaited Cycle Revolution in India?

Post-pandemic livelihood sustainability and central urban missions
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Spatial distribution of Indian economy is top-heavy and dominated by big cities. ... However, economic growth in the cities had not generated labour intensive jobs in this age of outsourcing, contracting and automation. Research by World Bank economist Ejaz Ghani shows medium and large-scale manufacturing activities are also moving out of the big cities due to high land costs. Whereas, small scale informal sector trading and manufacturing are urbanising to take advantage of better infrastructure and business access. Livelihoods of the urban poor are almost entirely tied to the informal economy. Ejaz Ghani suggests the need to focus on small scale entrepreneurship to generate urban jobs.
Why small scale informal sector trading and manufacturing is not finding land costly in big cities? If jobs in big cities are not good for poor why they are not moving out along with medium and large-scale industries? Is it skill level? Or ancillary industries taking time to move out or prefering to stay in big cities?

Just because of population informal sector may be growing there to cater to their needs. I think everything will get readjusted. It is a matter of time. Some policy initiative may hasten the process. What are those policies? Infrastructure in small cities? I prefer poor from big cities to move out & find better jobs in tier-II/III cities.

Who wants poor to stay in big cities permanently? Lutyens? Lutyens media? For what? No doubt, thanks to Lutyens a migrant worker earning ₹200 daily in Delhi earns ₹700 daily in Kasaragod!

For me development of tier-II/III cities of regions from where slum dwellers migrated is more important than Central Vista development or slum developments in tier-I cities. Let us address root cause of migration rather than its consequences.

Developers, architects should be ashamed of creating slums: Ratan Tata

Migrant Exodus Result Of Failed Urban Planning, But Real Estate Can Revive Economy After COVID: K P Singh
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"Whatever wrong has gone. You cannot set it right overnight. That is a different story. What I'm saying in future you can rev it up by reorienting, restructuring the entire real estate construction industry. If you do that, take it from me. It will have an immediate multiplier effect. migrant labourers will come back," Singh concluded.
Who influenced failure? Who benefitted from unplanned/uncontrolled real estate business in tier-I cities? How many builders have looked after their work force of migrants well and ensured contractors/subcontractors also look after them well? Why did all of them failed to look after migrants well? The statement "Migrant Exodus Result Of Failed Urban Planning" is 100% correct. Why did the government fail to develop non tier-I cities? Why did the government fail address regional inequalities?

Let us all pray to God that migrant labourers will never return to tier-I cities and ask him for regional parities.
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  #65  
Old Posted Jun 14, 2020, 5:41 PM
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Coronavirus Science & Technology - Research & Innovations in India

During Covid times, innovation is the key

India, Israel fighting virus better with tech, innovation
India, Israel To Conduct Joint Research For Rapid COVID-19 Testing

India, Australia jointly announce Special COVID-19 collaboration for scientific research

Karnataka has roped in experts and research scholars as interns to overcome uncertainties caused by Covid-19

Aarogya not enough, need high testing: ICMR; Study says to maximise impact of app-based approaches, they will need to be tightly coupled with health system responses

IIM-Kochi’s incubatee start-up designs robot arm for swab sample collection

Aarogya Setu, India’s contact-tracing app, goes open-source

Global tech companies to help Karnataka government in COVID-19 fight
NASSCOM develops data analysis tool to help in fight against pandemic

Whether this tool anyway will help to optimize sampling techniques based on testing capacity? Currently the government is taking random decisions like secondary contact pool testing or dropping sampling of asymptomatic cases!

Defence Research Body Develops ''Ultra Swachh'' For PPE Disinfection

Coronavirus | Researchers at IIT-Hyderabad develop low-cost test kit that can detect virus within 20 minutes
Quote:
The researchers claimed that the alternative test method is not based on the Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) — the method currently being used for COVID-19 testing.

The test kit has been developed at a cost of ₹550 and it can be reduced to up to Rs 350 when taken to mass production, they said.
Quote:
“The low-cost test kit is easy to carry around and tests can be done at point of care. The testing method used is an alternative to the currently used method. We identified a unique sequence of conserved regions of COVID-19 genome,” Mr. Singh, who led the three-member team, said.
IIT-Ropar to install negative pressure chambers to contain spread of Covid-19

Fighting COVID-19: IIT Guwahati Students Develop Innovative and Low-Cost Products
IIT Guwahati Continues Developing Affordable And Innovative Products To Fight COVID-19

IIT Kharagpur students create innovative AI-based social distancing tracking device

Low-cost ventilators, affordable test kits to sanitsing drones: IIT innovations take commercial route to fight COVID-19
From Test Kits To Sanitising Drones: How IITs Helped In COVID-19 Battle

Ashwagandha compound may help cure Coronavirus infection: Research by IIT-Delhi, Japan’s AIST

Beyond The Lab: Firing up the innovation engine during coronavirus pandemic

M’luru doctor develops Covid Guard to monitor patients

5 Innovative Startups Making Offices More Secure Post COVID

Covid-19 Battle : Surreal Design Studio introduces innovative products to fight against the pandemic

Innovation and technology in the age of Covid-19

Maharashtra Farmer "Very Happy" After PM's Shout-Out Over His Innovation

Innovative disinfection & sanitization solutions by common people selected in NIF’s Challenge COVID-19 Competition (C3)

NASSCOM Report showcases increased IoT innovation in India

Beyond India’s Coronavirus Unlock 1.0: An age of innovation

Lift majors roll out innovative measures to help users beat Covid-19 challenges

Innovative Sanitisation Mechanism To Keep Delhi Cops Safe From COVID-19

Innovation, data top priorities for marketers in India: Report

Drones, contact tracing apps became more acceptable during coronavirus than ever before: India at UN

How Corona Crisis Sparked a Wave of Innovation

COVID-19 NPD: India’s research institute develops high protein and fibre foods for patients

3 clinical trials for virus cure begin at Naidu

Covid patient recovers via plasma therapy in Pune

New Research: How lockdown has impacted Indian farmers, their yields

Coronavirus | Health Ministry plans to study viral behaviour in corpses

COVID-19: Strides Pharma to conduct bio-equivalence study on favipiravir in India

COVID-19 cases to peak in India between June 21-28: Study

HCQ breakthrough: ICMR finds it’s effective in preventing coronavirus, expands its use

Google Research India project on Covid-19 may help policymakers design lockdown strategies in the future

Scientists at Genome India propose study of Covid’s genetic dimension

Females in India more prone to Covid death risk than males: Study

Health Ministry Says Loss of Taste and Smell Will Now be Considered Covid-19 Symptoms. Here’s Why

Mumbai: Is Covid-19 causing high sugar among patients?

Coronavirus: Patanjali CEO claims his company has found Ayurveda cure, gives 100% favourable results


Research & Innovations Issues

Startup Street: State Of India’s Startups Amid Covid-Hit Economy

Covid vaccine research in India at nascent stage, breakthrough unlikely this year: Experts

Women are majorly under-represented in COVID-19 research authorship


Research & Innovations Control Actions

HRD plans niche DTH channel focussing on innovation, entrepreneurship

C-CAMP helps commercialise 17 innovations fighting Covid-19, more in pipeline

Facilitating Research and Innovation: Establishment of 4 COVID-19 Bio Banks by the Department of Biotechnology

Govt initiates process for new science technology and innovation policy

COVID forces India to rethink sci-tech policy, Centre formulating STIP 2020

Covid-19: Global Grad Show to drive social innovation

Social innovation hub on anvil

This is what the issue! The government is developing skills in a city were cost of living is high. But exit-China MNCs want to go to a city were cost of living is low hence labout is cheap but skill level is high. Has the government already built one Skill Development Hub in Noida? If this is the way India will never attract those investment. Rubbish government!

We have to understand Chinese tactics. After developing a few city to a certain level it stopped its population growth further and focused on developng other cities' skill level so that cheap labours are available there.

Kochi: Maker village invites applications for innovation grants

UGC asks colleges, varsities to conduct COVID-19 study in neighbouring villages


Research & Innovations Suggestive Actions

A chance to rejuvenate India’s healthcare sector

How India can develop its health ecosystem into a dominant, post-Covid economic sector

Four strategies for rapid innovation during a crisis

"Innovation Should Be Given a Boost Through Tax Incentives"

We need to create an environment that fosters an innovation mind-set and a favourable ecosystem

Measuring the epidemic: Publicness, decentralisation of science and governance is needed

Why we need to study asymptomatics and mild COVID19 cases


Research & Innovations Private Actions

Marico Innovation Foundation Selects 3 Innovators For #Innovate2BeatCOVID Challenge
Marico Innovation Foundation responds to seriousness of COVID-19 pandemic with ‘Innovate2Beat COVID’
Harsh Mariwala, Bain's Amit Chandra want to foster India's innovation system

L’strategique LLP holds web conference on ‘Challenges of Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Covid-19 Era’

Post Covid-19: SMEs new mantra – business model innovation, brand building and digital marketing

Tata Trusts-backed India Health Fund to promote start-ups developing means to fight diseases like COVID-19
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  #66  
Old Posted Jun 29, 2020, 3:25 PM
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Coronavirus Science & Technology - Research & Innovations in India

India-Sweden Relations: Where technology and innovation take centre stage

IIT Kharagpur Launches Online Lecture Series On Innovation And Entrepreneurship After COVID-19

Low-Cost Test Kits to Santising Drones: IIT Innovations Take Commercial Route to Aid COVID-19 Fight

IIT Kharagpur launches programme on innovation and entrepreneurship in a post Covid-19 world

IISc develops online self-assessment tool for workplaces

Defence Research Body Develops UV Conveyor Belt For Baggage Disinfection

Ajna Lens smart glasses for thermal scanning and detecting COVID-19 symptomatic people

Survive, revive, thrive – 35 quotes from India’s COVID-19 battle

PayU, ensuring business continuity with digital preparedness: Gurjodhpal Singh, SVP, PayU India

Harnessing the Power of UVC-Based Technological Innovation to Fight Covid-19

Kolkata: City students design innovative masks
This entrepreneur from Halol, Gujarat, has developed an innovative face mask to fight COVID-19

Auroville engineers in collaboration with PIMS develop low cost ventilators

New vistas: Covid lockdown forcing companies to innovate – How they are going about it

Fighting Coronavirus: These Technologies Help You Stay Safe And Healthy At Workplaces

State govts, firms harnessing Cloud to fight coronavirus in India: AWS
State govts, firms harnessing Cloud to fight COVID-19 in India: AWS

Mercedes-Benz MBUX navigation updated to include COVID-19 testing centres in India

Exclusive: How COVID-19 Crisis Laid Foundation for Healthcare Innovations

Abandoning lockdown, India's coronavirus cases may reach 800,000 in a month: Study

This study was proved wrong by now.

Covid-19 may infect respiratory centre of brain, suggests research

Ahmedabad: 'Wastewater can give early Covid warning'

CDRI, IITR study to decode Covid conundrum

On nutrition front Indian diets below optimal: Study

Indian Women More Likely To Die Of COVID-19 Than Men, But More Data Needed To Know Why

Covid milestone: Cytokine trials successful

Siddha research papers throw light on efficacy of 'Kabasura kudineer' in managing COVID-19

CCRS to begin study on prophylactic use of Siddha in treating COVID-19 cases


Research & Innovations Issues

Delhi govt, ICMR playing a dangerous game with antigen testing
Quote:
Even without enough data to prove the effectiveness of the South Korean antigen test kit, ICMR has called for more manufacturers who have developed antigen-based tests, to submit them for validation
On the other hand gangajal was not allowed to be tested 1. On what basis ICMR decided gangajal is harmful to human beings?

Patanjali launches coronavirus medicine. Latest developments in 7 points
Coronil: All you need to know about Ayurvedic medicine which claims to cure Covid-19
Ayush Ministry will clear stance on Patanjali's COVID-19 medicines after reviewing its report: Shripad Naik
Why is Ramdev's Coronil drug receiving backlash from all sides?
AYUSH Ministry is endangering people, jeopardising Ayurveda with lax response to Patanjali's Coronil and COVID-19, warn experts

Is there a separate regulatory body for AYUSH of AYUSH experts?


Research & Innovations Control Actions

Promoting science, technology and innovation through collaboration

C-CAMP, Applied Materials India announce financial, technical support to two biotech start-ups

HRD Minister launches ‘YUKTI 2.0’ platform for educational institutes
HRD minister launches YUKTI 2.0 to identify incubators’ ideas relevant for coronavirus pandemic

Study Covid impact on villages, draw lessons from 1918 Spanish Flu fight: Govt to colleges

Covid-19 treatment: India to stop HCQ research at 22 sites after WHO halts global trials

Assam To Set Up Special Coronavirus Research Lab As Cases Cross 5,000

AYUSH Industry ready to be integrated with Public Health Delivery and Innovation: Dr Manoj Nesari, Advisor, Ministry of AYUSH

Maharashtra allows Ayush research for Covid medicines

Covid samples to be preserved for research


Research & Innovations Suggestive Actions

India is key to the global battle against Covid-19

Opinion | Innovation, investment in human capital key to Indian recovery

Future of Business: Eight innovation factors for startups, corporates, and investors

Experts urge Indian textile, apparel sector to produce innovative, reusable PPE kits

India: Drone Technology Regulations

India’s medical needs: Global collaboration matters now more than ever

Medical devices: Why we need a strong local ecosystem

Covid-19 in India: Time for bold experimentation

Covid crisis lit a spark between market and sci-tech. India must not let it die now

Tackling India’s post-COVID-19 challenges through science

India needs to revolutionise drug research with AI: Dassault Systemes

Statement by Indian Civil Society: Need for open innovation and knowledge sharing for COVID-19 healthcare through Indian IP laws

Covid might be triggering diabetes; India must join research effort to study this


Research & Innovations Private Actions

Covid-19 has accelerated tech adoption across India, says Microsoft's Maheshwari

BharatPe Launches BharatX to Incubate and Nurture Radical Ideas
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Old Posted Nov 1, 2020, 5:15 AM
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Coronavirus Science & Technology - Worldwide

Stanford University develops gene-editing tool that can destroy Covid-19 inside human cells

Genekam develops plasma therapy accelerator for Covid-19 patients

S. Korea to Invest 100 Bln Won to Develop COVID-19 Treatments, Vaccine

China claims this drug could shorten recovery time for Covid-19 patients

How Coronavirus is Impacting Idea & Innovation Management Software Market Estimated to Soar Higher During 2019-2034

OurCrowd Launches $100 Million Pandemic Innovation Fund

Found effective drug combination to cure Covid-19 patients: Bangladeshi doctors

Moderna says coronavirus vaccine shows promise in early trials, excites markets
Coronavirus vaccine: Moderna COVID-19 vaccine appears to clear safety hurdle in mouse study

Potential Oxford vaccine fails to prevent coronavirus spread in monkeys, but protects from pneumonia
Vaccine development is like a rollercoaster, says Serum Institute CEO

Coronavirus vaccine current update: Oxford vaccine failure to Moderna's favourable results, here is the latest status of COVID-19 vaccines and drugs

Oxford University's Covid-19 vaccine moves to next stage of human trial

Oxford Covid-19 vaccine’s first human trial shows promise, more phases underway

Coronavirus | Oxford vaccine trial put on hold over safety concern

Covid-19 vaccine by Sinovac shows positive results in initial trials

Coronavirus (Covid-19) vaccine latest update: Cansino Biologics claims success in human trials; Indian vaccine unlikely soon

With no vaccine ready, drugs are being tested world over for immediate treatment of Covid-19

Researchers ask if survivor plasma could prevent coronavirus

Explained: Why risk of virus transmission in an aircraft is seen as low

COVID-19 patients not infectious after 11 days, finds Singapore study

India’s Covid-19 cases will cross 15,000-mark a day by mid-June, predicts China; explains why

1 billion people could live in poverty post COVID-19, says study

WHO calls for more research on asymptomatic transmission of COVID-19
Up to 45% of coronavirus infections may be asymptomatic: Study

Asymptomatic transmission of Covid-19: Why it matters, where evidence stands

More evidence that losing sense of smell, taste is coronavirus symptom

COVID-19 may show neurological symptoms before respiratory issues: Study

Covid-19 may actually trigger diabetes in healthy people: Report

How lower income countries need to tailor COVID-19 fight

US study claims low dose radiation therapy could help treat pneumonia in COVID-19 patients; results under peer review

Thailand’s COVID-19 vaccine trial on monkeys shows promise

Patent pooling, a Covid success story

Nicoya gets NRC IRAP financing to create salivation based indicative test for COVID-19

SATO introduces innovative handwashing solution, SATO Tap, for families in Kenya, Uganda, Ethiopia, Nigeria and India to enhance hygiene practices

Scientists find Covid-19 has a surprising domino effect on cities

COVID-19 patients without disease symptoms may have weaker immune response: Study

Explained: How close are we to a COVID-19 vaccine? What’s the testing process?

New Research: In pandemic months, fewer UK deaths than 5-year average

New research casts doubts on long-term Covid immunity

COVID-19: Are antibodies the answer?

Critically ill COVID-19 patients 10 times more likely to develop heart rhythm disorders: Study

Phase 3 trial to study arthritis drug's effect on Covid-19

Cheap steroid first life-saving drug in Covid fight, says study

India to use Israeli solution to safeguard public places in its fight against COVID-19: Report

Children more resilient against coronavirus, study reveals

Presence of Novel Coronavirus Detected in Waste Water Samples from March 2019 in Barcelona

NUS research team develops portable COVID-19 diagnostic system for rapid on-site testing

'COVID-toes' symptom reported in children might not be linked to coronavirus infection: Study

China approves COVID-19 vaccine developed by its research unit for military use

Indian-led team develops cheap, electricity free centrifuge for Covid-19 testing

New research: T cell response in Covid-19 cases even where no antibodies found
Mild Covid-19 cases can produce strong T cell response: Study

New research: Lung damage, clotting signs in postmortem of Covid-19 cases

New research: Study suggests Covid-19 not transmitted via breast milk

Study shows how coronavirus COVID-19 smell loss differs from common cold

New research: Common heart drugs are safe in Covid-19 patients, trial finds

There’s very good news about coronavirus immunity & reinfection, Iceland study says

COVID-19 protection: Redesigned face masks may improve user comfort, effectiveness, says new research

New research: In high-risk patients, study shows how Covid impairs immune activity

Post-Covid-19, damaged lungs can repair themselves | Research
New research: One in 100 Covid-19 patients found to have punctured lungs

Covid-19 Vaccine: From China to India to UK, Let’s Know Where Coronavirus Research Stands

Covid catalysed wide tech-deployment in medical research

COVID-19 can invade your brain, reveals new study

Russian Vector research center says coronavirus vaccine develops immunity for at least 6 months

New research: CDC study finds Hispanic, Black account for most Covid-19 deaths under 21

T cells more important than antibodies in body’s immune response to Covid, finds new study

Study finds wearing glasses can protect you from COVID-19, should you wear spectacles to prevent infection?

New research: Sleep apnoea may increase risk for Covid-19 patients

Explained: What is serial interval, and how can it be managed to control Covid-19?

Covid-19 may lead to decline in life expectancy globally: Study

Explained: Can eyeglasses shield you against Covid-19?

Iodine solution can kill coronavirus in 15 seconds - Can you avoid COVID-19 by washing nose and mouth with it?
Coronavirus prevention: Iodine nasal wash and two other methods that can kill coronavirus, as per reports

New research: In emergency scans to detect stroke, diagnosis of Covid-19

Explained: What is the reason for decreased influenza activity during the pandemic?

Coronavirus can be killed effectively with safe UV light, won't harm humans: Study 2

Stroke scans may help diagnose COVID-19: Study

Majority of Covid-19 Recovered Complain of Fatigue: Study

New research: In stroke patients, outcomes for those with/without Covid-19

Exposure to dengue may give immunity against Covid: Study

New study questions cytokine storm theory of Covid-19 fatality

Tiny antibody completely neutralises novel coronavirus: Study

New research finds statins associated with severity of Covid-19 disease

Largest study of COVID-19 transmission highlights essential role of super-spreaders
Superspreaders led to 60% Covid-19 cases: Study
Largest COVID-19 contact tracing study to date finds children key to spread, evidence of superspreaders

Explained: Understanding an abundant, highly transmissible mutation of the coronavirus

Covid-19 vaccine rollout unlikely before fall 2021: Study

Explained: In Covid-19 spike protein, clues to why some patients have runaway inflammation

Nvidia building UK supercomputer to boost Covid-19 research

Healthwise: Study casts more doubt on HCQ’s effectiveness on Covid-19
Here’s what research says about Remdesivir, drug given to Covid-hit Donald Trump

COVID-19 Symptoms: UK Study Reveals Loss of Smell Is Clearer Sign Than A Cough Or Fever

Study shows new evidence that COVID-19 is airborne; here is one way you can protect yourself indoors

1 vaccine may have reached initial efficacy test

Explained: Latest research on drugs, vaccines being repurposed for coronavirus

How long can coronavirus survive on surface? It's 28 days, says new study

Hospitalised COVID-19 patients can have ongoing symptoms for months: Study

Anika Chebrolu, 14-year-old Indian-American girl, wins $25,000 for her COVID-19 cure research

Research on Covid drugs driven by ‘hype and anecdote’, not information, UK journal says

Rwandan researchers’ devise algorithm that can detect a Covid sample from pool of 99 swabs
The mathematical strategy that could transform coronavirus testing

Asymptomatic Covid-19 sufferers lose antibodies sooner: Study

Study estimates exposure to air pollution increases Covid-19 deaths by 15% worldwide
After studies, it's clear that air pollution contributes to Covid mortality: ICMR
‘17% Covid deaths linked to pollution’

'Vaccine-induced immunity key factors for Covid-19 containment'

Covid antibodies fall rapidly, says UK research

Covid virus found on pollution particles, masks & social distancing a must, say govt experts

RDIF submits application to WHO for prequalification of Sputnik V vaccine

'Catch and kill' air filter for coronavirus

LIVE BLOG: R&D response to COVID-19 pandemic (Archived)

Research Aims to Create Surface Coating That Kills COVID-19 on Contact

New blood test to trace coronavirus in 20 minutes developed

Coronavirus vaccines get a biotech boost

Non-diabetic Covid-19 patients developing high sugar level complicate management of infection

Covid-19: Is UV light safe as a disinfectant?

Covid-19: Coronavirus protein redesigned in lab, may enable fast, stable vaccine production
Coronavirus protein redesigned in lab, may enable fast, stable vaccine production: Study

French hospital tests new breathalyser machine to detect COVID-19

Nitric oxide treatment can be essential in the battle against COVID-19

Diagnostics group Novacyt to launch more COVID-19 testing products

BT Buzz: New mass COVID-19 tests in the making - using saliva, breath, voice, taste and smell

Israeli Delegation To India ‘Optimistic’ About Developing Rapid COVID-19 Testing Tech

Israel Set To Launch Human Trials For COVID-19 Vaccine After High Holidays

Nasal vax prevents COVID infection in mice

COVID-19: Scientists develop prototype coronavirus breathalyser test for patients

Thermo Fisher Scientifics’ COVID-19 Response Continues to Expand with New High-Throughput Automated Testing Solution

Quick and affordable saliva-based COVID-19 test developed by Yale scientists receives FDA Emergency Use Authorization

To deal with COVID-19, the US should look to countries in Asia and Africa

Oxford developers of rapid Covid-19 test awarded RAEng President’s Special Award

Scientists develop portable, point-of-care Covid-19 test

Is Covid-19 vaccine round the corner?

New portable instrument can diagnose coronavirus using a smartphone in 30 minutes

Novavax coronavirus vaccine appears safe in early trials; J&J COVID jab prevents severe illness in hamsters

AI in medical research: The race for a cure for COVID-19

Ten innovations in the fight against COVID-19

These 5 COVID-fighting technologies show the power of global ingenuity

Indian-origin girl invents cap to ensure social distancing during Covid-19; wins rave reviews

Big innovation: New gargle-and-spit COVID-19 test gives results in seconds

The Big Pivot: How COVID-19 Has Changed Collaboration and Innovation

Moody’s Analytics Wins Stevie Award for Technical Innovation in COVID-19 Solutions

Aiming COVID-19, Generate Biomedicines Discovers Stealth Mode Using AI and Big Data

UK study finds effective new COVID-19 rapid test in a box

AI can detect Covid-19 in lungs like virtual physician: Study

Swiss pharmaceuticals giant Roche rolling out high-volume rapid Covid-19 test by year-end

Dual flu-covid nasal spray vaccine to start trial in Hong Kong

New testing method can diagnose Covid-19 in just 30 minutes, study finds

Pain relief caused by Covid-19 may help explain virus spread: Study

Covid saves 2.5 years of emissions, accelerates energy transition: BNEF

Indian-American teen discovers molecule that can stop COVID-19 virus

Researchers develop a new breath analyser test for Covid-19 with over 90% accuracy

Asymptomatic children have low coronavirus levels compared to those with symptoms, study finds

Covid-19 lockdown reduced sleep quality, mental health, says study

Asprin use may cut death risk in severe Covid patients

Men produce more COVID antibodies than women: Study

Yes, men are from mars!

Air Pollution Leads To An Increase In COVID Deaths, According To Harvard University Study, Experts Say ’Pollution Can Hinder Country’s COVID Fight’

WSU COVID-19 research tackles the present and future pandemic

Most people mount a strong antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 that does not decline rapidly: Study

Banks roll out robots as pandemic shakes up IT plans

Research suggests a flu shot can offer a shield against severe COVID-19

Russia 'temporarily' stops COVID-19 vaccine phase III trial, says report

Australian research at the centre of landmark treatment trial for COVID-19

High rate of symptomless COVID-19 infection among grocery store workers, finds study

Covid-19: Amount of virus detected at hospital admission predicts patient outcome, study says

Smartwatches and fitness trackers could improve prediction of Covid cases, US study finds

Scientists suspect mutated strain responsible for second covid wave in Europe

SARS-CoV-2 hereditary changes may have made COVID-19 more infectious
Coronavirus mutation may have made it more contagious, finds study
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  #68  
Old Posted Nov 1, 2020, 5:20 AM
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Coronavirus Science & Technology - Research & Innovations in India

Ayurveda for Covid patients? Clinical trials show positive results
Incorrect to call Ayurveda, homoeopathy alternative medicine for Covid — top AYUSH official
The adoption of Ayurveda as holistic, natural healthcare will have a positive impact on the market : Ameve Sharma, Co-founder, Kapiva
Too much turmeric, methi, vitamin D — Doctors fight new emergencies driven by Covid fear
Can yoga help COVID-19 patients? Research on in Delhi hospitals
Covid-19 crisis inspires a “Research Culture” in Ayush disciplines

AI triaging: Now, doctors in rural areas WhatsApp X-rays for Covid management
Bengaluru based start-up, IISc develops Covid swift rapid AI solutions

IISc. develops indigenous COVID-19 diagnostic kit
Vaccines to test kits, 8 IISc startups have pandemic solutions
How Bengaluru’s IISc is fighting Covid-19

IIT's unised converting COVID-19 problems into opportunity | India Revival Mission
IIT Guwahati research on Covid-19 detection sensor to be presented at BRICS conclave in September
Covid 19 gives wings of innovation to IIT Guwahatians
IIT Delhi incubated startup Chakr Innovation launches ‘Chakr DeCoV’ to decontaminate N95 masks, a sustainable solution to fight COVID-19
Easy way to disinfect your masks! IIT-Delhi launches ‘Chakr DeCoV’ incubator
IIT Delhi launches 'Corosure' claimed to be world's most affordable COVID-19 test Kit
IIT Kharagpur designs portable COVID-19 testing kit that reduces cost to Rs 400 per analysis
IIT-Madras startup raises Rs 22 crore funding for launching wrist band for detecting COVID symptoms
IIT researchers develop methods to detect, prevent Coronavirus
IIT researchers develop methods to detect, prevent Coronavirus

AIIMS-IIT alumni duo invents novel technology to kill coronavirus with just water

IIIT Delhi develops AI model to repurpose existing drugs to treat Covid-19

Coronavirus | AIIMS-Bhopal begins research through autopsies

Start-up creates crowd-sourced digital platform to manage pandemic

Bot vs virus: Robotic devices are solving the hassle of disinfection

This engineer came up with a device to prevent social expansion of Covid-19
Hong Kong engineer develops device to arrest transmission of coronavirus

Eight teams of scientists from India and US selected for pursuing research on Covid-19

One in four Indians may have Covid antibodies, show tests

"DBT’s institutes accelerating development of COVID-19 vaccines, therapeutics and diagnostics"

Want to stay away from coronavirus? Wear N95 mask, suggest Indian researchers
Are valved face masks more effective than regular masks? Here's what researchers say

Face Mask Killing Covid-19, Tested by US-Based ISO Certified Laboratory, Developed and Launched by an Indian Start-up
Vaccine Awaited, Corona Killer Mask is Here

3bO -India’s first face mask based on triboelectricity

Bengaluru researchers to get aid for green PPE kits

India’s ‘Recycle Man’ Can Convert Used PPE Kits & Face Masks Into Bricks

Nitte research centre working on Covid-19 test kit that uses saliva
Covid-19: Jamia Millia Islamia researchers develop saliva-based home testing kit
Vishat Diagnostics receives ICMR nod for COVID-19 antigen kit
Four Israeli technologies to detect Covid-19 in 30 seconds to be tested in Delhi
IGIB scientists develop rapid and sensitive test for coronavirus detection
Indian startup develops Covid 19 detecting mobile app, takes 5 minutes
The cheaper and faster Covid-19 tests undergoing trials in India
Rapid antigen tests are cheaper & give quick results but RT-PCR tests are more reliable, say scientists
ICMR approves HiMedia-Syngene COVID-19 antibody test kit
Reliance develops RT-PCR kit that can give Covid-19 results in 2 hours
Explained: The cheaper and faster Covid-19 tests undergoing trials in India
IIT Kharagpur’s innovation on COVID test will benefit lives in rural India: Minister
IIT Kharagpur's 'Covirap' diagnostic machine gets ICMR certification

Covid-19: Lancet praises India’s early lockdown, pool testing and vaccine development initiatives

Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize 2020: One of the researchers who worked on developing the Feluda Covid-19 test receives young scientist award
India’s first CRISPR COVID-19 test FELUDA gets DGCI nod
Netherlands shows interest in indigenously developed Feluda COVID test
India's Feluda Covid-19 test cheaper, faster alternative to RT-PCR

Plasma therapy not beneficial in reducing Covid-19 mortality: ICMR Study
Coronavirus: Plasma therapy not beneficial in reducing mortality, shows ICMR study
Covid-19 plasma therapy shows little benefit in patients in India, study finds
Explained: The plasma therapy debate
Busting Covid myths on plasma therapy and remdesivir, and what India’s falling numbers mean
Covid-19 plasma therapy has shown little benefit in patients in India, study finds

India begins human trials of Coviaxin, hoping for Covid-19 vaccine success
Emergency authorisation of Covid vaccine could be considered if govt decides: ICMR
Russia looking for partnership with India to produce Covid vaccine: RDIF CEO
India's COVID-19 vaccine: When will we have a vaccine? Who will get it first? Read what health minister says
When Will India’s First COVID Vaccine Come Out? Here’s What Health Minister Says | Check Other Vaccine-related Updates Here
‘India at forefront of research for Covid-19 vaccine’, says PM Modi at US-India summit
Rohtak’s PGIMS begins second phase of clinical trials for indigenous Covid vaccine, Covaxin
Indian Covid-19 vaccine: At what stage are under-trial coronavirus vaccine candidates?
Coronavirus vaccine update: India may conduct Phase 3 trials of Russian COVID vaccine
How close is India to a coronavirus vaccine? On track for early 2021, says minister
Pune-based company plans human trials of Covid vaccine in October
Phase 3 human clinical trial of Oxford vaccine begins in Pune
Covid-19 vaccine portal launched, all data linked to research, clinical trial on it, says Harsh Vardhan
the ICMR Vaccine Portal
India COVID-19 vaccine updates — Oxford's potential coronavirus vaccine reports no side affect so far in vaccine trial at PGI Chandigarh
India COVID-19 vaccine updates — Oxford's potential coronavirus vaccine reports no side affect so far in vaccine trial at PGI Chandigarh
PM Modi reviews research and vaccine deployment ecosystem against COVID19
Covid-19: Phase-2 vaccine trial results by early Nov
Novavax and Serum Institute of India Announce Development and Commercial Collaboration
Oxford’s new Covid vaccine begins human trials in partnership with Serum Institute of India
Serum Institute’s new firm, Bharat Biotech’s stage 3 trial: Covid-19 vaccine latest updates
Coronavirus vaccine news updates: Dr Reddy s hopes to finish Phase 3 trials of Covid-19 vaccine by March-May
Covid-19 vaccine's emergency authorisation could be
considered if govt decides: ICMR to parliamentary panel

More than manufacturing: India’s homegrown COVID vaccines could transform its pharma industry
Indian-origin Professor's UK Firm SpyBiotech Strikes Covid-19 Vaccine Pact with India
Oxford Covid-19 vaccine: Serum will start phase-III trial in India after clearances
India is encouraging indigenous vaccine production, says PM Modi
India considers emergency authorisation of vaccine as Covid-19 cases surge
COVID-19 CURE: World’s First COVID-19 Vaccine “Sputnik-V” Is Expected To Be Available In India by November 2020.
Phase 1 trials of 2 indigenous COVID Vaccines reveal excellent safety: Minister
How close is India to a coronavirus vaccine? On track for early 2021, says minister
CEO of Serum Institute asks Indian govt: Will it have Rs 80,000 crores available over next one year?
COVID-19 vaccine: Dr Reddy's teams up with Department of Biotechnology for Sputnik V trials
Setting safety and efficacy as priority: Experts optimistic about Russian Covid-19 vaccine

India to have 'approved' coronavirus vaccine by 2021 Q1: Bernstein Research

ICMR data shows BCG vaccine raises immune response in elderly, could protect against Covid
BCG vaccine can help the elderly fight COVID-19: ICMR
Following ICMR nod, Karnataka joins BCG vaccine trials against COVID-19

IAVI, Merck, and Serum Institute of India Join Forces to Develop Monoclonal Antibodies for COVID-19 and Ensure Prompt and Equitable Global Access

Biocon’s drug can now be used on moderate, severe Covid patients
Anti-fibrotic drugs effective in Covid-19 patients: Army
Early lab studies offer hope for plant-based drugs to treat coronavirus
IIT Delhi research finds more effective drug in treating COVID -19 virus; Check details
FDA approved drug 'Teicoplanin' found more effective in treating COVID-19: IIT Delhi research
IIT Kharagpur researchers develop microneedle to administer drug in a painless way
Fusion Health Care launches COVID-19 drug Favipiravir and an immunity booster

Covid-19 treatment: ICMR, Biological E develop 'Antisera' for virus cure, prevention

Why Covid-19 herd immunity may be closer than we believed so far
26% Indians already infected, hence immune to COVID-19: Thyrocare study

As India records highest recoveries, research talks about when it will hit Covid-19 peak

80% Covid patients in India are asymptomatic, health ministry analysis finds

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on information management research and practice

‘Good ventilation lowered indoor viral load, Covid-19 deaths in developing Asian countries’: Study

Study shows Covid-19 can spread in public vehicles

Covid-19 has changed how research is done; will the changes be permanent?

Tech Tonic: Medical innovations changing healthcare sector

Air pollution can intensify Covid-19

Millions of COVID Cases May Have Gone Undetected in Country Earlier This Year, Says Research Paper

33% Delhiites Have Developed Covid-19 Antibodies: Latest Sero Survey of 17,000 Samples

Indians' Genes Are The Reason For Country's Lower Mortality Rate Amid Covid-19 Pandemic: Research Claims

Covid-somnia is messing with people's sleep patterns

Mental health: The silent pandemic amid coronavirus

Coronavirus | Tata Group to unveil India’s first CRISPR test

Symptomatic Covid patients drove infection in Karnataka, study finds

AMD supercomputer to power COVID-19 research in India

Travellers from Dubai, UK contributed maximum Covid-19 importations into India: IIT study

Super-spreaders behind India’s explosive Covid outbreak, study in Science says

Coronavirus: The two odours that people with COVID are not able to smell, according to researchers
Wondering if you are asymptomatic carrier of COVID-19? Researchers have narrowed it down to two odours

India's new paper Covid-19 test could be a ‘game changer’

Gene mutation behind different COVID-19 death rates among Indian states, study finds

Kids And Superspreaders Are Driving COVID-19 Cases In India, Huge Study Finds
Kids with no COVID symptoms may shed virus for weeks

India’s research, manufacturing critical to fighting Covid-19: Bill Gates

India To Be At Centre Of Global Anti-Covid Efforts With Its Research Talent: PM

No major mutation in Covid-19 virus in India, confirms PMO
Pan-India COVID-19 genome studies suggest virus genetically stable, no major mutation: PMO

Coronavirus | India past COVID-19 peak, says Science Ministry panel

COVID-19 lockdown reduced sleep quality, mental health, says study

India’s low hygiene gives it more immunity against virus, helps in Covid fight — CSIR study
Poor hygiene, unsanitary conditions could lead to fewer deaths due to Covid-19: Study

India, US to ink MoU for joint study on Covid-19, other infectious diseases

Orient Electric launches made in India sanitisation chamber UV Sanitech

Bengaluru organisation gets US FDA, EU nod for device that can kill covid-19 virus

Kerala tech firm's Zoom-alternative Vconsol wins government's innovation challenge

Eight teams of scientists from India and US selected for Covid-19 research
11 teams of scientists from India and US to start work on research related to Covid-19

UoH incubated startup Oncoseek Bio bags grant for Covid-19 research

Nanotechnology Based Antimicrobial Product HYDRAGUARD PLUS Will Dominate and Replace Disinfectants During Pandemic

As COVID-19 Puts Spotlight on Personal Hygiene, Technology Steps In to #SimplifySafety

Boost to innovation: NetApp accelerates startups in times of COVID-19 pandemic

'Innovation Spree': Syed Akbaruddin Lists Out Improvements In Aviation Services In India

Watch this man’s interesting innovation to maintain social distancing at shop

This Man’s Solar-Powered Unit Can Disinfect And Provide Jobs During COVID-19

Indore tops trademark, patent applications in Madhya Pradesh

IIT Madras and Helyxon develop remote patient monitoring solutions for COVID-19

How This NLP-Driven Literature Search Engine Can Help In Extracting Relevant COVID Information For Medical Innovation

Powering Aatmanirbhar Bharat through innovation & entrepreneurship

Eight products to mitigate Covid-19 launched by Karnataka Deputy CM

How a Surat techie is making headlines for his Covid innovation — touch-free panel for lifts

Smart routing, contactless deliveries, optimised costs: How Covid drove MSMEs to embed tech in logistics

COVID-19 to fuel new wave of innovation for travel industry: What will it take for things to go back to how it was?

49 innovations in 5 focus areas receive Millennium Alliance Round 6 & COVID19 Innovation Challenge-Awards

Innovations in digital payments are growing: Manoj Adlakha

Tech Tonic: Medical innovations changing healthcare sector

IIT Bombay to groom startups and innovators in a post Covid-19 world

Watch today, the most ‘intelligent’ and ‘innovative’ minds at IIHS platform

Indian NGO founder who helped migrants in lockdown on Schwab list of social innovators

NATHEALTH and APACMED join hands to advance medical technology for UHC in India

Covid Fight: 10 technologies developed for disinfection

A Co-Covid World: India’s Innovation Upsurge

What are Covid mutations in India? Are they more infectious? Gene sequencing has the answers

Young Minds Innovate to fight Covid-19 at NXP’s Young Innovator Design Challenge 2020

MEA likely to brief foreign envoys on India's Covid-19 response next week

Kolkata entrepreneur wins international business award for COVID-safe water projects


Research & Innovations Issues

ICMR study on BCG vaccine did not assess if it works for Covid, says JNU professor
Vacillating over vaccine


Research & Innovations Control Actions

Covid research funds can be claimed as CSR spend now

Serum Institute gets notice for not taking AstraZeneca’s Covid-19 vaccine trial pause into cognizance
Serum Institute gets DCGI nod to resume clinical trial of Oxford COVID-19 vaccine

Karnataka to set up panel to study long-term effects of Covid-19

Modi govt panel seeks ‘justification’ from US firm to test blood thinner in mild Covid cases

Drug Discovery Hackathon Training Program Launched

Following are relevant control actions to tackle Covid-19 crisis.

DBT-BIRAC to Strengthen Tech Transfer Capabilities in India
New UK-India med-tech programme to fight COVID-19
United Kingdom launches 3-million pound innovation challenge fund in India
New £8m funding supports UK-India COVID-19 research collaboration
India, UK enter into new COVID-19 research partnerships
India-Sweden Healthcare Innovation Centre launches ‘Innovation Challenge’
Israel, India sign MoU to collaborate in tech innovation and start ups

India steps efforts boost tech transfer and innovation
India set to accelerate innovation with supercomputing components manufacturing: Sanjay Dhotre
Future will be shaped by societies that invest in science, innovation, says PM Modi


Research & Innovations Suggestive Actions

The Hindu Explains | How will a centralised electronic medical records tool help to monitor trends about COVID-19?

Promoting innovation: Why govt needs to actively look at tech-solutions that can help fight COVID-19

Frugal innovation, digital health, data sciences, community mobilisation at the district level is the way forward for India: Experts

COVID-19 outbreak: Challenges and opportunities for Indian startups

Post-COVID future: Resilient digital platforms key to improving economics & innovation of organisations

Ideas & innovation can help tide Covid-19 wave

Innovation in the times of COVID19: Do companies really need to build something “new”?

How the Ag-Tech Landscape in India Is Ripe for Innovation

Pandemic-inspired homes could be the future of design innovation

Cyber Resilience, Agility and Innovation in the New Normal

India can soon be the tech garage of the world

Innovation the key to pandemic recovery

Australia and India: Capturing the opportunities in life sciences

Data-centric innovation and digitalisation will catalyse India’s growth


Research & Innovations Private Actions

Micron Tech joins hands with top Indian institutes to foster innovation

We tap into our Indian talent base for innovation: Genpact CEO


Research & Innovations Volunteer Actions

ET Startup Awards 2020: Nominees for Healthcare Innovation, Midas Touch

MIT COVID-19 Challenge India hackathon open for innovators
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  #69  
Old Posted Nov 1, 2020, 5:25 AM
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BolliBatlu BolliBatlu is offline
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Though I started this thread with issues and best practices I have not covered any best practices so far. I intend to post on lessons learnt, best practices etc soon.

And I have done many errors in classification of actions. I was classifying a few of control actions as issues based on my feelings, but actually I should had classified them as control actions only and then commented on issues. Many of news links though classified under innovative actions they were also either government, private and volunteer actions. Better way would have been combining them as control & innovative actions, private & innovative actions, volunteer & innovative actions etc. Similarly, suggestive actions could have been for government, private companies or volunteers. There could have been actions executed together by government and private companies or volunteers. Anyway doing things perfectly on a blog like this is very difficult task.
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  #70  
Old Posted Nov 1, 2020, 8:41 AM
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BolliBatlu BolliBatlu is offline
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Whether technology can help to overcome the crisis? - Post-2

तत्त्वमसि tattvamasi (you are him/that)
सोहमस्मि sohamasmi (i am him/that)
अहम् ब्रह्मास्मि aham brahmasmi (i am universe)

Previous post: Whether technology can help to overcome the crisis? - Post-1.

In this post we are trying to club together economy, environment, inclusiveness, crisis, technology and innovation. Mainly, with our limited/scarce resources, focusing on availability of essential goods and services to everyone to achieve inclusiveness goal minimizing environmental impacts 1 2 3 by judiciously streamlining production of goods & services along with crisis/disaster avoidance/prevention strategies and supporting inclusive entrepreneurship. Though the post seems incomplete let me just post it now and then edit and post next version or delete it entirely later depending upon satisfaction of other criteria which are written at the end of this post. We will try to discuss views of many other swadesi, videsi and paradesi (?!#%^%) economists & environmentalists also later.


3. Goods & Services Gateway (GS Gateway, GSG)

Here are a few quotes from earlier posts in various other threads.

Quote:
Originally Posted by BolliBatlu View Post
Summary of 'Smart India' bullet points so far
  • Each city is smart city, each village is smart village.
  • Smart Transportation Network connecting smart cities and smart villages - Includes 'Highspeed Multi-mode Transportation Network' connecting cities of economical corridors, Multi-mode Transportation Informatics etc.
  • Resource Planning at all levels of governance - Each ministry will have its own informatics software with interfaces to other ministries and governance levels from the union government to village panchayat. Even private enterprises can be a part of this grand National ERP by providing suitable interfaces to them similar to UPI.
  • ...
  • ...
Quote:
Originally Posted by BolliBatlu View Post
Udupi District Hospital is first e-Hospital of the state

The news says that medical history of any patient will be available to all networked government hospitals. But what we need is an interface similar to UPI for cashless transaction which will enable any record of any patient undergone treatment at any hospital irrespective of government or private to be available in any other hospital through Unified Hospitals Interface.

Other intersting thing is whether the government is going to make doctor's prescription available to pharmacist electronically. Irrespective of digitization and electronic signature I would like a printed copy being signed by doctor available to patient so that he can cross check what pharmacist gave against this. Although purchase data can be stored it should not be transparent to doctor! And some of issues may also have to be addressed like what is the expiry time for doctor's prescription? Or how long a person can take medicine without renewing prescription? Whether system will just generate warning or stop issuing medicine itself (not for medicines recommended for life time) or whether prescription can be automatically renewed without the patient visiting doctor again?
Quote:
Originally Posted by BolliBatlu View Post
Corporation polls: BJP promises online payment, certification gateways

...

In which election we will have a promise on 'Health Gateway' (Medical Interoperability Gateway 2)? General Election 2029? I think if we get promise in 2029 then we can hopefully have useful one in 2059 only.
What we are trying to create is "Enterprise software" for the country.
Quote:
Services provided by enterprise software are typically business-oriented tools, such as online shopping, and online payment processing, interactive product catalogue, automated billing systems, security, Business Process Management, enterprise content management, IT Service Management, customer relationship management, enterprise resource planning, business intelligence, project management, collaboration, human resource management, manufacturing, occupational health and safety, enterprise application integration, and enterprise forms automation.
Federal enterprise architecture
Introduction to Federal Enterprise Architecture (FEA)
Federal Enterprise Architecture (FEA)

We talk about 'Digital Economy' 2 3 4 5 initially and then move on to other phases. (How many universities/colleges in India are teaching M.Sc. in Digital Economy? 1).

Our priority is 'Essential Goods & Services' and hence we can call it 'Essential Goods & Services Enterprise software'. Most importantly we want to demonopolize 1, decentralize resources & services and keep it open to all through 'Essential Goods & Services Gateway'. Apart from demonopolization (fairness), decentralization & openness 2 3 4 5 other design qualities like human-centricity 1 2 (inclusivity), portability 1 2 3 4 5, modularity 1 2 3 4 5, autonomy 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8, resilience 1 2, evolvability 1/evolutionity 1 2 3 4 5 6, adaptability 1 2 3 4 5 6 7, emergentism 1 2, agility 1 2 3 4 5, scalability 1/expandability 1, expansionism 1 2, symbioticity 1, diversity/multiplicity 1 2 3 4, pluralism 1, security 1 2 3, shareability/distributability 1 2 3, efficiency 1, effectiveness 1, reactivity 1 2 x 3, mobility 1 2 3 4, determinism 1/predictability 1 x 2, controllability 1, coherency, consistency, unambiguity, acceptibility, usability, integrity, reliability, availability, simplicity, accountability, privacy (not against openness or transparency), maintainability etc are also important for economy & society enabled by technology (for example, modular, autonomous, resilient, evolutionary administraton/governance/society/enterprise/machine with symbiotic relationship & porting/sharing data/information/knowledge with others; another example is autonomous decentralized cities vizualized by Society 5.0)(modularity, autonomy enable easy decoupling hence decentralization). Though here 'Essential Goods & Services Gateway' is further classified as Health Gateway, BFSI Gateway etc in reality there could be only 'Enterprise Gateways' (or 'Enterprise Platforms' or 'Business Platforms' or 'Organization Platforms') hosting all types of enterprises interoperating with each other. Through 'Essential Goods & Services Gateway' we are trying to achieve 'Digital Essential Goods & Services'. Anyway, this is foundation for our 'Integrated Platform Economy' (Meta/Hyper Platform Economy?) or 'National Enterprise software'. The integrated knowledge database of 'Integrated Platform Economy' enables us to analyze/synthesize linkages between different sectors (aided by big data & artificial intelligence - systems/smart thinking.) and build colloboration among sectors.

We need detailed study of interdependency of essential goods & services sectors with other MSME sectors (Link missing to start economic activities from April 20 despite green signal from government). For example, a MSME enterprise serves agriculture and automobile sectors then under crisis it can be degraded to serve only agricultural vertical (of couse, automobiles are used by essential services also but to a small extent compared whole sector).

First of all, what we need is "Essential Goods & Services Resource Planning" software tools. Most important one is "Essential Goods & Services Supply Chain Resource Planning" to understand the entire flow of goods & services. What we need to capture by using the tools is dependency of primary, secondary, tertiary sectors of "Essential Goods & Services" with non-essential ones. Once we know all dependencies we have to reclassify those "Non-essential Goods & Services" which are needed by "Essential Goods & Services" as "Dependee Goods & Services" (or "Maintainers Goods & Services") to operate with reduced production or service capacity clauses and add to "Essential Goods & Services". If a company maintains its purchases & sales account (is this a data privacy issue?) properly then this data may be captured from there. Based on this data the government can issue e-permission to operate a company during lockdown. The mapping also helps us in analysing what will happen to supply chain and which are the other companies going to suffer if a company is forced to shutdown for not following lockdown rules. For example, mobile/internet service is one of dependee service.

If we think nation as an enterprise mainly at macroeconomic level then nested within it will be so many other enterprises mainly at microeconomic level. Each state is an enterprise and even each local government is an enterprise. Then there are so many other individual/family/public/private/corporate/non-corporate/organized/unorganized/cooperative/volunteer enterprises. Many of them may be enterprise at international levels. We can imagine each ministry as an enterprise nested in nation/state enterprises. All these enterprises (fully autonomous or not) though locally controlled by the respective owners need to interact with each other or be interoperable (for goods & services). In summary, national enterprise is network of government enterprises, private enterprises, volunteer enterprises (NGOs, CBOs) including individual citizens.

Each enterprise requires Enterprise Control. In case of smart city we have Command and Control Centre (Incident Command System, Emergency Response System 2, War Room is a part of Enterprise Control). We can treat a city or a district or a region as an enterprise. Command and Control Centre can be used at city or district or regional level by the dominant city of the district or the region. This Command and Control Centre interoperates with state and national level Command and Control Centre, peers and other nested enterprise level command and control centres. Though Command and Control Centre is for over all administration under crisis it degrades to essential goods & services as there will be more issues in providing essential goods & services than under normal circumstances. We have to discuss technology usage for building crisis avoidance strategies (Design for Crisis Avoidance) along with crisis management separately.

For 'Goods & Services Gateway' under crisis like biodisaster our priority is for 'Essential Goods & Services'. We should be able to gracefully degrade enterprise to 'Essential Goods & Services Enterprise'. Degradation may mean using scarce resources (raw materials) only for essential needs. That is what 'doughnut economics' 2 model wants to focus on even otherwise for achieving equitable & eco-freindly growth and purpose of SDG tracking material footprint (sum of consumed local & imported resources) is also for achieving eco-freindly growth. But under biocrisis even education, social activities etc are degraded. All activities should be decentralized as much as possible but monitored from a central location to meet gaps. Centralized monitoring (state & nation level) is needed for example to avoid panic buying of medical/pharmaceutical products (or any other essential goods) by one region resulting in scarcity in other regions and also for standardizing crisis management policies.

As the nation economically develops & financial power & crisis management capabilities increases it can upgrade essential goods and services to include more sectors which are relatively more essential compared to other sectors but not classified currently as essential with all precautionary disaster escalation prevention measures. Of course, the nation should allow expansion only if there is no environmental side effects.

We could have called 'Goods & Services Gateway' as 'Market Gateway', 'Trade Gateway', 'Commerce Gateway', 'Supply/Demand Chain Gateway', 'Transaction Gateway', 'Commodity Gateway', 'Economy Gateway', 'Management Gateway', 'Society Gateway' (Society 5.0) or 'Earth/India Gateway'. Or as 'Goods & Services Platform'. What is there in a name? One name can be nested inside other as per our convenience after defining them & their relations as per our convenience.


Essential Goods & Services Gateway (EGS Gateway, EGSG)

'Essential Goods & Services Gateway' consists of following listed as bullet points. Mapping (traceability) to Sustaiable Development Goal (SDG) sections is marked in brackets.
  • 'Health Gateway' for health services 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10. (SDG 3).
    • Healthcare System 1 - primary healthcare (primary healthcare informatics), public healthcare (public health informatics) apps, mental health apps - Health statistics and information systems like Service Availability Mapping (SAM) which includes hospital, clinic, diagnosis lab, physician, epidemiologist, health officer/worker information & maps (healthcare infrastructure/facility/resource informatics). Data collection tools and others as detailed in next bullet points.
    • Helath Informatics 2 3 4 5 6 7 - Public Healthcare Informatics 2, Primary Healthcare Informatics 1, Nursing Informatics 2, Clinical Informatics 2, Clinical/Medical Research Informatics 2, Physical & Occupational Therapy Informatics, Disability Informatics, Nutrition Informatics 2, Pharmacoinformatics(Pharmacy Informatics), Translational Research Informatics (Translational Informatics), Disease Informatics 2, Neuroinformatics 2, Omics Informatics 1 2 (including Genome Informatics), Dental Informatics 2, Medical Devices Informatics, Consumer Health Informatics 2, Alternative Medicine Informatics (AYUSH Informatics - Ayurinformatics, Siddha/Unani/Homeopathy/Yoga Informatics, Sports Informatics relevant to Hatha Yoga, Neuroinformatics/Psychoinformatics relevant to Meditation), Herbal Informatics etc 1 - many are a part of 'Research & Innovation Informatics'
    • Electronic Health Records (EHR including Patient History) portability among hospitals 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
    • Disease Management Platforms' 1 2 interoperability with each other & other platforms/apps 1 2 3
    • Perzonalized Healthcare - Predictive diagnosis, optimal treatment & drug delivery, early detection, target intervention, monitoring and controlling of disease
    • Medical emergency/disaster services
    • Integrated telemedicine platforms & telemedicine/telehealth interoperability 1 2 3 4 - patient history & other electronic health records are available for telemedicine services.
    • Centralised bed allocation app, ambulance management app, blood/medicine finder app are useful during crisis/emergencies inside/outside regional boundaries. (integrated prescription, generic medicine finder app, pharmacy bill will help patient in identifying medicine easily. mobilephone can even help in reading medicine strips in a langauage one prefer and verify it & time to take medicine with prescription so to help elderly & disabled. no idea on feasibility of customized packaging of medicine strips. expiry date etc can also be checked. in case of long-term control medications, doctors some times make mistakes in writing medicines, for example omitting a medicine prescribed for long-term usage earlier, and such anamolies can be detected automatically and warnings can be generated. doctors can even check availability of medicine locally near patient's residence before prescribing it or alternative.).
    • Blood bank, plasma bank, organ bank apps
    • Interactive Response Systems 1 2 3 4. IRS need to be interoperable with patient history recording system 4 and telemedicine platforms.
    • Interoperability of various diagnosis & monitoring equipments for centralized diagnosis & monitoring.
    • Biological system modelling 2 stack.
    • Disease Progression Analysis, Modeling, Simulation, Prediction & Risk Factor Analysis tools 1 2
    • Disease Propagation Analysis, Modeling, Simulation, Prediction & Mitigation interface with city or district, state and country level interfaces 1 2 3 4. Should include Sahyog - Disease Risk Assessment tools 1 2.
    • Disease Databases (Disease Informatics) 1 2 - identification, medications, signs, symptoms, markers, abnormal investigation findings. Interoperability should allow anyone to develop apps taking data from disease database. I don't know whether India maintains or should maintain a separate disease database.
    • Disease Symptom Checker apps.
    • Treatment Planner/Tracker apps.
    • Hospital Environment 2 & Ergonomics 2 Analysis, Modeling, Simulation, Prediction & Risk Assessment tools (healthcare facility design safety -> patient safety, staff safety, visitors safety to ensure operational/occupational safety) 1 2 3. Includes sterilization, housekeeping monitoring (sterilization log apps, hazardous waste disposal logs etc).
    • "Doctor's Appointment e-Pass" during lockdown to allow patients to meet doctors. That means e-pass apps should be interoperable with e-appointment apps. Also used for issuing e-pass to allowed visitors of patients.
    • 'Online Medical Prescription' to avoid second visit to doctor after getting test results. All test reports should be available online. This is needed to avoid unneccessary second journey during lockdown and also to get medicine from pharmacy shops as posted earlier.
    • Inteoperability of Pandemic Disease Tracker apps with other tracker apps (for example central tracker) and other apps like point of interest (POI) apps, heat map apps, e-delivery apps etc.
    • Drug Information Interoperability 1 2 3. Drug Disease Model interoperability should also be addressed. We also need mapping of drugs prescribed by doctors to generic drugs delivered at Janaushadhi centres.
    • Drug Discovery Information Interoperability to share data among research institutes - a part of 'Research & Innovation Informatics'
    • Inteoperability of Healthcare with Inssurance (Insurance Gateway), Pharmacy & other Essential Services 1 2 3
    • “e-Healthcare platform for India” - AIIMS 2
    • Veterinary?
  • 'BFSI Gateway' (SDG 1.1-1.3, 8) - for Banking, Financial Services and Insurance 1 2 3
  • 'Essential E-Commerce Gateway' 1 (SDG 12) for essential goods (Pharmacy & Healthcare, BFSI, Food, Fuel & Energy, Water, Waste, Security, Dependee Goods). As such there is no need to differentiate between essential and non-essential goods but logistics for essential goods & personnel delivery has to be strengthened in particular & checkposts should allow passage of essential goods easily.
    • e-commerce, retail informatics
    • Mobile commerce, electronic funds transfer, supply chain management, Internet marketing, online transaction processing, electronic data interchange (EDI), inventory management systems, and automated data collection systems 1
    • 'Essential Supply/Demand Chain Gateway' 1 2 (Pharmacy & Healthcare, BFSI, Food, Fuel & Energy, Water, Waste, Security, Dependee Goods)
    • Pharmacy & Healthcare 1 2 3
    • Food (SDG 2) - agricultural gateway. agri informatics, food processing informatics (manufacturing), food informatics - (organic economy vertical primary, secondary, tertiary sector coverage possible through APIs. - food x non-food organic)
    • Fuel & Energy (SDG 7) - this should include electricity
    • Water Management - water informatics, supply chain, services - plumber, bills, connection apps.
    • waste Management
    • Security
    • Aarogya Setu & Sahyog are useful apps for door-to-door delivery.
    • All in essential goods supply chain including pettyshops are connected through at least mobilephone apps.
  • 'Inclusive Essential Services Gateway' 1 (SDG 1, 5, 10)
    • Social Services Gateway - can be a part of SME enterprise platform mentioned below. This gateway is mainly for Volunteer Organizations and Social Enterprises.
    • Inclusive e-governance & e-services (part 5)' - Community Based Organizations Incubation talks about how 'CBO platform' (in general 'organization platform') for incubating and operating CBOs (in general, non-profit or profit-making social entrepreneurship 2). Inclusiveness also need digital social entrepreneurship support 1 2 3 as mentioned in the Inclusive e-governance & e-services (part 5)' - Community Based Organizations Incubation post.
    • Jio and Microsoft announce alliance to accelerate digital transformation in India - hopefully Rs 1,500 a month is manageable by all inclusive startups mentioned in previous bullet point link. Micro-enterprises should be concourged to form associations to join this 'SME enterprise platform' so that they can share cost (what are the issues?) 1. A tool can be developed to nest micro-enterprise within association-enterprise. As such Jio can cover functions of entire EGS Gateway.
    • All SME enterprise platforms proposed including Jio-Microsoft should be interoperabe with each others. Should be decentralized with decentralized social network 2 like Mastodon. Of course 'Community Based Organizations Incubation' talks about incubating Community Based Organizations through social media (that is incubation of enterprises through social media). To achieve this social media integrated to SME enterprise platforms should be available free of cost to all.
    • Provide a platform for plumbers, carperterns and other daily wage workers to seek jobs.
    • High interoperability should enable small enterprises to collaborate & scale up to compete with a big enterprise.
  • 'Education Gateway' (SDG 4) - Not needed during lockdown. Online education during crisis. Education Informatics.
  • 'Research & Innovation Gateway' (SDG 9.5) - We are not going to say 'Essential or Crisis-Time Research & Innovation Gateway' as all Research & Innovation Infrastructure setup can adopt and collaborate during crisis. And IT can contribute a lot for research & innovation (IT included with 'goods & service' as GST is applicable to IT services). - Education?
    • 'Research & Innovation Informatics' (or R&D Informatics) 1 along with issues, actions & best practices tracker tools. (Translational Research Informatics?, Clinical Research Informatics?, Neuroinformatics?).
    • Both IT and R&D enterprises can colloborate with SME enterprises on 'enterprise platform' or 'Community Based Organization Platform' for inclusive research & innovations. Yukti2.0? (public–private–academia collaboration platform 2 3)
    • Startup India, Yukti2.0 integration with 'enterprise platforms'.
    • It has to colloborate with educational sector as research & innovation is an integral part of higher education. In this way a part of educational sector can be a 'dependee goods & services'.
    • First priority is for essential R&D needs like healthcare during crisis like biodisaster, next priority for other essential sectors.
    • Intellectual Property Rights Information (Patent Informatics 1)
    • Indian Open Source Ecology 2 similar to IndiaStack encouraging Knowledge Commons 2 3 (creative/collaborative commons) (could be reserved/patented by nation as a whole if funded by the central government for the use of community based organizations or citizens).
    • Goal is to invent disruptive strategies/policies/techonolgies for egalitarianism/inclusiveness/humanity/society, crisis/disaster management and sustainability.
  • 'Manufacturing Gateway' (SDG 9.2, 9.3) (Equipments needed by various essential sectors like Pharmacy & Healthcare, Food & Agriculture, Fuel & Energy, Water, Housing, Security, Dependee Goods) - Though we may not aspire/target for Industry 4.0/Industry 5.0 immediately we can connect all industrial & commercial enterprises including micro industries through essential manufacturing gateway to e-commerce ('Essential E-Commerce Gateway' in particular) to streamline flow of goods to downstream industries and final consumers. Manufacturing gateway should facilitate in better resource planning among colloborating industries. Manufacturing Informatics.
  • 'Mining Gateway' - Recycling should be encouraged to keep mining at minimum (minimizing material footprint through recycling?). Mining Informatics.
  • 'Dependee Goods & Services Gateway' or 'Maintainer Goods & Services Gateway' (Pharmacy & Healthcare, Food, Fuel & Energy, Water, Security, Waste, Agriculture, Manufacturing)
  • Food Gateway (SDG 2) -
    • Agricultural Gateway - agri informatics (primary sector), apps in support of sustainable agriculture 2 3 4 (not sure whether last one is on sustainable agriculture).
    • Food Processing Gateway - food processing informatics (secondary sector, manufacturing)
  • 'Energy & Fuel Gateway' (SDG 7) - Renewable energy (solar, wind, biogas etc) technologies should encouraged. Energy/fuel informatics 1, oil & gas informatics.
  • 'Waste Disposal Gateway' (SDG 6 - sanitation) - Recycling is important. Waste Informatics 1.
  • 'Water Gateway' (SDG 6). Hydroinformatics or water informatics.
  • 'Mobility/Transportation Gateway' (SDG 9.1, 11.2) - during lockdown only essential transportation may be allowed.
    • 'Public Transportation Gateway' (not essential for biodisasters like Covid-19 but useful for maintaining essential service logistics using public transport), which will allow interoperability among public transport companies, Media Supply Chain, Sanitation Supply Chain 1 etc.
    • 'Railways Gateway'
    • 'Air Transportation Gateway'
    • 'Water Transportation Gateway'
    • Logistics is part of 'Commerce Gateway'
    • Multi-mode transportation supports
    • Others - Private Transport, Regional Transport Office etc
    • Transport/transportation informatics covering all modes of transportation.
  • 'Defense Gateway' 1 - Defense Informatics.
  • 'Housing Gateway' (SDG 1.4) - Online during crisis. Real esate activities are kept at minimal level during crisis. The need may arise from repatriates & other returnees. Real Estate Informatics?
  • 'Human Resource Gateway' (SDG 8) - HR Informatics
  • 'Institutional Gateway' - To cover Institutional Infrastructure
    • 'Governance Gateway' 1 2 3 (SDG 1-17)
      • 'Urban/Rural Governance Gateway' (SDG 11) - demographic data, household data etc.
      • All services provided by the goverments (national, state, local) like e-governance, digital locker, e-KYC/eSign etc.
      • A tracker similar to issues/incidences, actions, lessons learnt, best practices will be available to all ministries to implement innvotive policies (aided by Niti Ayog?).
      • 'Policing Gateway' 1 2 (SDG 16, 5.1-5.3).
    • 'Justice Gateway' 1 2 3 4 5 6 (SDG 16, 5.1-5.3). Justice informatics or legal informatics.
    • 'Crisis & Risk Management Gateway' (SDG 1.5, 2.4, 11.5, 11.b, 13.1-13.3) 1 2 3 - should address all types of natural, man-made, hydrid, financial/economic, social, environmental etc disasters 1 2 3 4 5.
      • A framework similar to Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 2 at various governance levels.
      • Crisis informatics/Disaster informatics 3 - Indian/National/Central Institute of Disaster Management focused on natural & man-made disasters.
      • IoT based Integrated Disaster Management 1 2 3 4 5 6.
      • Disaster Analysis, Modeling, Simulation, Prediction tools
      • All essential gateways/enterprises should have disaster avoidance & management system developed with resilience as per their integrity level.
      • All ministries including external affairs, labour ministries have played crucial roles during Covid-19 lockdown crisis hence need to be a part of this gateway network as per their role at all levels of governance including centre, state & local governments. (War Rooms already discussed).
      • The government can share responsibility with social enterprises or community based organizations 1 2 through apps.
      • Volunteers and private enterprises should also be connected to the gateway.
      • Crisis & risk management apps can be developed for all types of enterprises.
      • And researchers should be able to provide innovative feed back by statistical analysis/research on collected data.
      • All essential goods and services enterprises (including ministries) should make use of Business Continuity Management & Disaster Recovery apps 1 2. Proper apps should also be made available to all MSMEs including micro industries. If such apps can be developed even for individuals as personal assistant apps then it would be great.
    • 'Climate & Life Gateway' (C&LG, should this be shortened as 'Life Gateway'?) (Environment Gateway) (SDGs 9.4, 12, 13, 14, 15) - climate/weather informatics 1 2 3 4 5 6, biodiversity informatics - climate & life computational models- This should be developed to fulfil SDGs Climate Action, Life Below Water, Life On Land & Responsible Consumption and Production. There is also a task of monitoring carbon dioxide & other pollutant emission levels , effluents released, solid waste generated by industrial and other enterprises (by interacting with manufacturing gateway, housing gateway etc and other non-essential sectors; though EGSG is not interested in non-essential sectors, those non-essential enterprises can use APIs provided by EGSG for automation just like UPI being used by every sector). Environment effects of real estate, industrial development including of clusters & corridors, environment cost, climate change cost, security cost, resources/transportation cost. Mostly Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) will take care of C&LG (anyway we will not decide which ministry has to take care of which goals here). Gateway will guard against Doughnut outer layer - Planetary boundaries 2 including Air Quality Index (AQI) (atmospheric aerosols 2) and generates notifications/alerts. 'Climate & Life Gateway' has to interoperate with other gateways importantly 'Agriculture Gateway', 'Urban/Rural Governance Gateway', 'Crisis & Risk Management Gateway' as lot of activities related to these gateways heavily dependent on climate & environment and also 'Health Gateway'.
    • 'Media Gateway' (SDG?) - Main stream media is considered to be an essential service. Media role is watchdog & suggestive actor. Media is a two edged sword (like political system) which can be used as a platform for political voice and for exploiting society by vested interests. Whole structure of media reporting as issues/incidences, actions, suggestive actions is already pictured in this thread. Media can use their own information, analyze through artificial intelligence, to suggest actions and create public awareness. Media informatics.
    • Electoral Gateway? - election commission?
  • 'Other Essential Services' as in 'Essential Services Maintenance Act'
  • 'Tourism Gateway' (8.9, 12.b, 14.7) - Government knowing availability rooms may help in meeting quaratine/treatment requirements during biocrisis like Covid-19. 'Hospitality Gateway' can be used for creating quarantine facilities and extra hospitals. For example, centralised bed allocation app (health gateway) can allocate these beds also. But tourism as such not encouraged during crisis. Stranded tourists anyway can use other essential services. But bigger questions to be answered are - Why tourism should be essential sector? Why SDG recognises tourism as an essential part of economy? Should tourism sector have business continuity plan during crisis? Tourism informatics. Sustainble tourism.
  • All essential services are available to non-essential goods & services.
  • Although reponsibilities can be shared it looks like Department of Planning and Statistics is reponsible for overall maintenance of data.
  • All gateways listed here (in general, entire GS Gateway) are virtual gateways. Gateways can overlap with each other. There can be multiple gateways by different vendors for each virtual gateway. In reality, apps or data can be anywhere. There should be interoperability among all types of essential sevices using or any technique including blockchain 1 2 3 4 5.
  • There is no need to physically separate out 'Essential Goods & Services Gateway' from 'Goods & Services Gateway' but the government policies should ensure 100% reliable services all times including crisis by essential goods & services providers.
  • Electronic Goods & Services Records (EGSRs, e-GSRs) including Electronic Health Records (EHRs) should be portable across platforms. Goods & Services Layer 7 (GSL7) can be defined (by extending HL7) for all services in particular for essential goods & services (could be called EGSL7).

I have covered healthcare, crisis, research & innovation more thoroughly based on information I came across ignoring other sectors. And need to integrate at world level is also ignored. For example, how can an international traveller book taxis to/from airports in two countries for complete end to end travel covering all modes of transportation, how his data accessed in hospitals in the other countries through such a system is ignored. Unless things are standardized at international level this requirement may be difficult to achieve. (GSL7 is proposed in the above list)(Society 5.0 has plans to develop standards for world level integration).

'Research & Innovation Gateway' is under essential service. Our economics should be 'Innovation Economics' during a crisis like biodisaster as innovation & research important to overcome crisis. To reduce environmental burdens also we need innovations. And innovations could enable inclusiveness in a larger scale.

'BFSI Gateway' - All BFSI services (if not all EGSs) at a single location (say post office) would be a great configuration. We can wish for a single screen or single user interface to monitor all our financial status including bank accounts, bonds/shares, insurance policy payment status, water/electricity/gas payment status (a business tychoon may like to delegate responsibilty to secretary), home/vehicle & other loan payment status, PFI accounts etc. But should be done after carefully studying cyber security risks. Here I am not asking for any artificial intelligence based personal finance assistant apps but can be integrated with price options. One more thing we can wish for is personal budgeting apps. What I wish is government to transfer money to poor through digital food voucher/wallet and households/schools/orphanages to purchase food items as per their preferences but government should check things like nutritional values and the app should allow only pourchases based on conditions imposed by the government. Apart from this, e-stamping (like e-sign) can be used for demonetization of higher denomination currency notes which are not in circulation for a long time by developing a device (to be used in banks) or mobile app (camera to read note number; note validation in every transaction) to track currency note number (probably useful for tracing counterfeit currency also) before moving towards full-fledged cashless economy.

As such, for achieving inclusiveness, all essential goods and services are neccessary but 'Inclusive Essential Services Gateway' identifies special services needed by vulnerable sections of society. Along with special inclusive services they also need some 'special inclusive goods' 1 2 3 4 that should also be part of essential primary sector (essential farming, essential mining), essential secondary sector (essential manufacturing), essential tertiary sector (essential supply chain, essential e-commerce).

Two of the subjects namely, urban planning and agriculture I wish to cover in detail later.

Portability of Electronic Goods & Services Records (EGSRs, e-GSRs, e-goods & services records) including e-commerce redords (ECRs, e-CRs) and e-health records (EHRs, e-HRs) should help in development of many kind of personal assistants. For example, one can easily change charted accountant services if personal financial records are portable (assuming no manipulations; anyway darkweb is available for manipulations) or portable beauty services records help in moving across beauty services providers easily. This should also help in development of many kind of personal/self assistant/service/care apps.

What is the role of non-essential Goods & Services infrastructure during crisis? Many non-essential services can be asked to provide/help essential services during crisis for example information technology.

We are trying to develop a closed loop open system 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 were chaotic/stochastic/indeterministic complex dynamic real world (of physical, social, institutional, economic space) model in cyber space (simulational/computational model 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19) - AI based semi-automatic control 1 2 3 - learns & adapts itself to new issues/incidences in real world through feed backs enabling better predictive abilities to take next actions. Lessons can be learnt, information & best practices can be shared with each other by enterprises. Anyway, 'National Enterprise' will just collect data, create information and then derive knowledge from it and supplies that knowledge to humans to take final decisions/actions (human wisdom)(we are ignoring automated actions through data-driven cyber-physical systems as our 'GS Gateway' is limited to people and enterprise interactions initially except in a few hazardous/critical cases). (--???So initially, most of data may be collected manually from the fields and fed to the system without affecting job scenario much???--). All enterprises including government will use field data for evidence-based policy making.

Unified EGS Interface should be developed in a way similar to Unified Payment Interface and Unified Healthcare Interface (HL7). Whether to develop at a global level (like HL7) is an issue of Globalization x Localization. We may need National Goods & Services Corporation of India (NGSCI) either similar to National Payment Corporation of India (NPCI) or NPCI itself can be promoted as NGSCI. For example, Citizens, Healthcare Service Providers (Hospitals, Clinics) and Healthcare Platform Providers (Jio, Amazon?) should be able to interact with each other through Unified Healthcare Interface (UHI) seamlessly. Of course, Unified Health Gateway/Platform has to interact with BFSI (more interfaces may be required in addition to UPI) and other goods & services platforms/gateways. In general, Citizens, EGS Service Providers and EGS Platform Providers should be able to interact seamlessly through EGS platforms/gateways. India Stack2 3 plays an important role towards development of of 'GS Gateway' or 'National Enterprise Software'. 'National Enterprise Software' should be our first step towards Society 5.0 or Industry 5.0. We should be able to adopt Industry 5.0 without having the burden of disposing off legacy system of Industry 4.0.

'Essential Goods & Services' is the least acceptable degraded state of 'Goods & Services' economy during a crisis. No failure mode should degrade 'Essential Goods & Services Enterprise' below a specified level. So, 'Essential Goods & Services Gateway' based system should be disaster recoverant, resilient enabled with backups, replication, redundancy, diversity, security and other fault tolerance features 2 3 4 5 (fault avoidance/preventive/removal techniques are prefered instead of too much defensive programming, i.e., remove faults/faultlines in the system - can try formal methods 2 3 4 5 6 and even with AI 1 2 3) including in non-software/electronics system architecture/design. As posted earlier 'Essential Supply Chain' should be 'biohazard resilient' to tackle situation like Covid-19. Biohazard resilience with biosafety features can be built into system by usage of cyber-physical-systems/mechatronics/robotics/drones 1 2 to minimize social interactions. But from any automation we should be able to easily fallback to manual mode whenever there is shortage of automation gadgets or skilled operators or due to any other hindering cause. Resilience & security of essential supply chain should ensure essential securities like food security, water security, energy security, healthcare security, social security etc under crisis. We will talk about environmental security ('society security' ensured by 'earth 2 security' - doughnut economics) needs in smartcity project thread later.

What we are trying here is to achieve maximum interactions through gateways (enterprise platforms) and robots/cyber-physical-systems so that social interactions are minimized. In addition, there will also be facilities like video conferencing 1 2, audio conferencing, chatroom suites etc built into the system. Along with this IoT/IoP/5G/Edge/Fog computing technology can be used for all essential services - Smart e-Health Gateway: Bringing intelligence to Internet-of-Things based ubiquitous healthcare systems. And IoT/5G can be used for many more things including for sewage based detective works - Tracking sewage to surveil COVID-19, wearables 1 2 etc. To use IoT/5G we need mobile and internet services to be an essential service - ICEA seeks inclusion of mobile phones, laptops in essential services list, Telcos warn of full service breakdown in virus hotspots. Of course, if mobile is not essential service then Aarogya Setu, Sahyog & other apps needing them will be useless. so we need a robust, dependable telecom service to all. All these measures will lead us towards biohazard resilience.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has many uses in heathcare 1 2 3 and all other essential services. AI can be used for 'Propagation Analysis, Prediction & Mitigation', 'Risk Assessment in Healthcare', "Disease Diagnosis' and entire Health Informatics.

Along with healthcare, Artificial Intelligence based Data Science can be used in supply chain also Covid-19: Software firms sharpen focus on AI, big data as IT spending drops.

Although AI, Mechatronics/Robotics, IoT, 5G can be used in MSME (COVID-19 | Disruptive tech and SME innovation can boost the fight against the virus, Leveraging Smart Tech Can Help India Create Efficient Crisis Management System: Reports, Industry 4.0 2 3 4) & Constuction sector in large scale we have also a worry of jobloss. Imagine automizing entire 'Goods & Services' stuff! How many jobs will be generated and lost? Unless we come up with a income scheme for everyone even after automation/robotization/AIization, our economic policies should favour automation only of 'Essential Goods & Services' sector for the time being and in that too more focus should be on automating healthcare services 1. Healthcare sector needs Automated Waste Collection System (AWCS) like GIFT city to take care of hazardous waste. Of course, there are exceptions for automation like quaternary sector IT and R&D, 'Dependee Goods & Services' which we included as essential service. Man is a social animal, so depressed anxious society may be a result of automation & social distancing. And world is going back to walking, cycling for health & environmental reasons. Let us be more conscious about automation & don't go for it without studying its effects & planning properly. Technology is two edged sword, right usage may help in generating employment and contributing to economic growth. Human rights 1 will also be an issue while adopting technolgy.

If we can integrate social media with 'SME enterprise platform' why not 'news'? 'news' can be used like it is done here for tracking any issues related to business and taking decisions. And many more things can be integrated. For example, archiving of video conference with minutes of meeting if have enough storage space. What is the storage space we are targetting for and how much energy is required for operating data centres?

Essential Goods & Services are mostly infrastructure segments (institutional infrastructure, physical infrastructure, social infrastructure, economic infrastructure and then legal infrastructure if you separate it out from social infrastructure) prioritized under 100 Smart City project with a few exceptions like education during biocrisis like Covid-19; but online education can be considered as essential service.

Also, Essential Goods & Services are mostly to fulfil goals identified as SDGs. They are also whatever needed to be inside doughnut 1 2 3 4 5.
Doughnut x SDG mapping

We have earlier traced SDGs to EGS gateways. Below is a crude traceability matrix of Doughnut Economics goals to SDGs.
  • Food - SDG2 Zero Hunger, SDG12.3 (food loss/waste)
  • Health - SDG3 Good Health & Well-Being
  • Education - SDG4 Quality Education
  • Income & Work - SDG1 No Poverty, SDG8 Decent Work & Economic Growth (Doughnut Economics does not rely on Economic Growth)
  • Water - SDG6 Clean Water & Sanitation
  • Energy - SDG7 Affordable & Clean Energy
  • Networks - SDG9.c, SDG5.b?, SDG17.8 - not clear on illustrative indicator 'someone to count on for help in times of trouble'. Distress relief & grievance redressal monitoring system, 1?, community help?
  • Housing - SDG11.1 Cities and Human Settlements - affordable housing and basic services, silent on rural housing requirements
  • Gender Equality - SDG5 - SDG does not target income gap
  • Political Voice - SDG5.5 (women participation), SDG10.2 (political inclusion)? - voice & accountability index?
  • Peace & Justice - SDG16 Peace, Justice & Strong Institutions - corruption perceptions index?, homicide rate?
  • Social Equality - SDG10 Reduced Inequalities
  • Ozone Layer Depletion (stratospheric ozone concentration) - SDG Climate Action (13.2.2 greenhouse gas emission)
  • Cimate Change (atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration or increase in radiative forcing) - SDG Climate Action (13.2.2 greenhouse gas emission)
  • Ocean Acidification (calcium carbonate in surface seawater) - SDG Climate Action (13.2.2 greenhouse gas emission)
  • Biodiversity Loss (extinction rate) - SDG15 Life on Land (Aichi
    biodiversity targets
    ), SDG14 Life Below Water (SDG14 is thorough enough? talks only about fishes?)
  • Land Conversion (Land use) - SDG15 Life on Land (15.1-15.5)
  • Nitrogen & Phosphorus Loading (biogeochemical) - ?
  • Fresh Water Withdrawals - SDG6.4, SDG3.9.2?
  • Chemical Pollution - SDG12, SDG6.3?, SDG14.1?, SDG3.9?
  • Air Pollution (atmospheric aerosols) - SDG3.9.1?
Nations individually can not control planetary boundaries directly. SDG aims to control planetary boundaries by addressing causes or leading indicators, so nations have to reach an agreement to keep the cause indicators within a limit. The cause of ozone layer depletion, cimate change, ocean acidification is controlled by monitoring greenhouse gas emission level (a leading KPI). Material footprint, deforestation/desertification indicators etc are the other leading KPIs SDG uses to control environmental side effects. Doughnut economics though mentions SDGs 17 and many more subgoals/targets of SDG it does not specify any target/KPI. Doughnut is agnostic on GDP but SDG is not (SDG wants to monitor material footprint meaning goods cosumed by nation so service sector can grow unhindered - how may be a policy/design issue - can 'experience economy' the way for economic growth in future?). Both talk about unemployment. Doughnut mentions inflation, SDG talks only on food price volatility (SDG 2.c) but not essential goods & services inflation/deflation as a whole may be by assuming other requirements like no-poverty, healthy-lives will address it indirectly (should we worry about unemployment caused by price volatility of non-essential sectors? crisis may not be severe if non-essential goods & services industry is insignificant.).
Cloud technology 'Essential Goods & Services as a Service' (EGSaaS)(should this be called as Essential Enterprise as a Service nesting inside District/State/National Enterprise?) to be in synchronization with doughnut economy (should be 'sharing economy' 2 as both service providers & users are supposed to share most of things)(focusing on 'service economy' if not 'experience economy' or 'transformation economy') & SDG should consists of parts listed below.

The name 'Essential Goods & Services as a Service' (EGSaaS) has the word 'service' repeated two times. For resolving this we should imagine 'Goods & Services' as a single word replacing X in 'X as a Service' (XaaS) or 'Everything as a Service' 2 3 in the context of cloud technolgy. The cloud technology we are talking here not limited to cloud computing digital services like IaaS, PaaS, SaaS, DaaS, NaaS, SECaaS, DRaaS, EaaS, CaaS, AIaaS etc but includes Manufacturing as a Service, Farming as a Service etc listed below. A few other things like MBaaS, IoTaaS/TaaS will also be part of cloud. But we do't know how many of these service platforms available in market currently are non-monopolistic, interoperale, open, scalable adhering to spirit of cloud computing. For seamless mobility all modes of transportation has to be interoperable. For example, air traffic management system interoperability is important for interagency airspace cordination; a similar type of system is needed for all kind of autonomous/non-autonomous vehicle control management for seamless mobility. Same is the case in other types of cloud services like farming as a service, manufacturing as a service etc. Openness makes it easy to add technological innovation based enterprises to the cloud network.

Enterprise as a Service or Business as a Service
  • Healthcare as a Service (HaaS) 1 2
  • BFSI as a Service - Banking as a service (BaaS) 2, Finance as a Service 2, Insurance as a Service 2
  • Commerce as a Service 1 2 or Cloud E-Commerce 1 2 (Sales as a Service, Marketing as a Service) - limited to essential goods during crisis.
  • Inclusive Essential Services as a Service
  • Research & Innovation as a Service (or R&D as a Service)
  • Manufacturing as a Service or Production as a Service or Cloud Manufacturing
  • Food as a Service (FaaS) 1 - Instead of just addressing catering services it should also address entire supply chain from farmer to home kitchen. It can include Farming as a Service 1 2 (FaaS, Cloud Farming) 1 of inclusive nature giving stress to organic farming.
  • Mining as a Service
  • Dependee Goods & Services as a Service
  • Energy as a Service (EaaS) 1 2 3 4 -
  • Waste Disposal as a Service
  • Water as a Service (WaaS) 1 2 3
  • Mobility as a Service (Maas) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 (relevant 89 10) - Mobility is needed for income & work, networks (for establishing & maintaining social networks) etc.
  • Police Cloud 1 2 3
  • Justice as a Service - Justice as a Service is not currently defined as what we want here (but computerization is going on With nod from judiciary, Karnataka Police striving for e-production of accused before courts).
  • Defense Cloud 1 2 3 4. Mostly a private cloud. I think since none of defense clouds under development are interoperable they are monopolized by a single vendor.
  • Housing as a Service (HaaS)
  • Education as a Service (EaaS) 1 or Education Cloud 1
  • Human Resource as a Service (HRaaS) 1 2 or Human Resource Cloud 1 2
  • Government as a Service (GaaS) 1 2 3
  • Crisis Management as a Service - This could be a part of Government as a Service (GaaS) and in addition responsibility can be shared with social enterprises.
  • Climate & Life as a Service (CLaaS) 1. (Environment as a Service has a different meaning in cloud computing hence a different name)
  • Other Essential Services as a Service
  • Most of the cloud services are through public or hybrid clouds except for a few.

Manufacturing as a Service or Cloud Manufacturing has high scope in Healthcare, Agro Processing and Ancillary sectors. If we can connect all MSME including micro industries to MaaS network it would be a great achievement as more people are empowered with technolgy.

We may think of how other things of doughnut economics work as a service including 'income & work', 'peace & justice', 'political voice', 'networks', 'social equality', 'gender equality'. Of course cloud computing should help a lot in building networks, income & work for each individual & enterprise. Political voice, networks is possible through social media (Social Media as a Service) and 'Digital Social Entrepreneurship'. Of course this platform will create opportunity for income & work if everyone is literate enough to use it. The platform as such is both capitalist and socialist. Capitalist because it encourages entrepreneurship. Socialist because it provide opportunity to everyone to become entrepreneur with a bit of help from government - this is also because of inclusive platform integrated to it.

Metrics/KPIs - For 'Goods & Services cloud' the metrics need to be developed similar to computing cloud. QoS for 'Goods & Services cloud' need to be developed similar to computing cloud. The metrics may be more stringent than computing cloud, for example, affordability is very important for inclusiveness. Availability of Essential Goods & Services should be very very high as it is least acceptable state of Goods & Services under all types of degradation. Hence SLA can not be degraded below a certain limit. Goods & Services as a service, for example, farming as a service means all assets & equipments associated with farming can be offered as a service. For example, when tiller is offered as a service tiller's QoS factors like availability, maintainability are important factor. Another example is Rolls-Royce Jet Propulsion-as-a-Service 1 in aviation sector. Other important set of metrics apart from QoS is SDG indicators. Doughnut economics' outer ring metrics are another set of important metrics. Many others have also identified metrics like climate change metrics 1 2 3. For inclusiveness, whether emission limit of a nation has to depend upon population is a question to be asked. In a bigger sense, should material footprint limit of a nation be in proportion to population is the question. Definitely for any enterprise it is important to monitor metrics while they offer goods & services. For example a enterprise adopting renewable energy (solar, wind, biogas etc), rain harvesting should get additional points. For farming as a service, organic metrics x inorganic agrochemicals (SDG2.4.1 Proportion of agricultural area under productive and sustainable agriculture) is important. SDG also addresses others like groundwater depletion (6.4.2 Level of water stress: freshwater withdrawal as a proportion of available freshwater resources), soil degradation (SDG15.3.1 Proportion of land that is degraded over total land area).

On environmental front doughnut economics has a bigger goal than SDG but it does not define any KPI. If we want to model on doughnut economy then corresponding environment related KPIs are to be adopted from other sources to supplement SDG prescribed environmental KPIs like material footprint (8.4, 12.2) etc. We need KPIs for achieving planetary boundaries. What has to be achieved at global level is here - Planetary boundaries 2 3. India has its own Air Quality Index (AQI) standards but not for other planetary boundaries. SDG does not define these KPIs for all planetary boundaries. (Doughnut Economy KPI 1; Water Pollution - Index of biological integrity?).

Crisis KPIs/Indicators are listed in SDG. Indicators like life loss, economic loss due to crisis - overall or crisiswise like biocrisis/flood/landslide/seaerosion/earthquake/drought/industrial disaster - are useful 1. And enterprises at different levels can monitor other KPIs 1 2 suitable for their business for crisis prevention and control. Planning against crisis is needed at national & world level (planned x free market).

We can define integrity levels for goods & services similar to safety integrity levels (SIL 3) in domains like medical, aerospace, railways, automotive etc. Main two 'Goods & Services Integrity Levels (GSILs)' are essential and non-essential. Essential (even non-essential) can be further divided into different integrity levels (even within a vertical). For example, considering biocrisis resulting in lockdown, public transportation or education can have a integrity level of lesser importance compared to medical services (for biocrisis handling these levels may be subclassified similar to biosafety level for biological integrity). Least acceptable degradable state should have highest GSIL hence needs maximum resilience or risk reduction/mitigation measures. In other words, Quality of Services (QoS) needed by a service depend upon the requisite Goods & Services Integrity Level (GSIL) 1 2. Higher is the GSIL more stringent is the SLA. The GSILs should ensure we don't fall below the inner ring (social foundation boundary) of Doughnut Economics. Online education, works, social network etc are alternatives during crisis like Covid-19 which require prolonged lockdown. But even these may not be available during disasters like flood, earthquake hence we have to come up with better disaster avoidance techniques (disaster resilience) against these kind of disasters to ensure integrity of services. Apart from this GSIL does not interfere with SILs of any sector; i.e. for example, automotive/mobility sector irrespective of technology like Mobility as a Service still may continue to use standards like ISO 26262 for identifying ASIL within automotive sector. Even Layer of Protection Analysis (LOPA) can be explored for containment of risks within regional boundaries (protection layers)(self-reliant regions) as a protection measure against global crisis & globalization of crisis.

It is already proven that 'commons are tragedy' is a false narrative. Highest GSIL sectors should preferably under government & common (collaborative commons, community based organizations, unorganized) control 1 to a maximum extent to ensure fair play. Government & common control on Goods & Services should be decreasing in the order of highest, moderate to lowest GSIL. And as central government is already planning for EGS security and to increase its hold on essential sectors by having a public/government company in each essential sector we may see this happening in near future inspite of all privatization works going on now.

In case a country prefers to automate/robotize/AIize every sector of goods & services without any GSIL differentiation to a highest integrity level (at a high cost; resulting in a higher environmental cost; without caring for jobloss) then also there is problem in tourism, ceremonial catering, performing arts (including cinema) etc where people can not consume (assuming servicing can be automated) without violating social distancing norms hence there is two partitions of goods & services namely essential and non-essential.

Even systems simulation/computational models (for healthcare already listed) based on system theories can be made available through EGS Gateway so that enterprise policies can be formed, actions can be taken, targets can be fixed, crises managed and then models can be corrected based on deviations. (As such SDG has already fixed target for 2030). I think in this way AI powered analytics can be made available to all types of enterprises inclusively. Should elected representatives track their performance? What about individuals' performance?

We have talked about self-reliant regions, because of localization of most of essential supply chain of such regions material footprint of supply chain will also reduce due to lesser fuel needs for transportation (we can call this fuel footprint which in turn reduce material/carbon footprint). Currently if you take Karnataka as an example, one city is almost consuming more than 75% of raw materials & producing almost that amount of products of Karnataka leading to bad transportational fuel footprint. Along with this shifting of production from sources of demand (demand region/point) to sources of supply (supply region/point) for many goods may also result in lesser fuel footprint and lesser migrant worker issues. Of course, inventory waste avoidance, demand chain management & experience economy supported by techniques like 3D printing may favour production at source of demand. This is why we have to bring source of demand and source of supply together (localization - mixedmode, walk-to-shop/work etc)(of course, trading with others needed for goods & services not available locally/economically) as much as possible through proper population distribution as posted earlier in 'Indian Smart Cities and villages projects' thread. And Society 5.0 supports 'autonomous decentralized cities' ('Symbiotic autonomous decentralized system' spanning within city)(Andhra Pradesh has taken an appreciable step to develop decentralized capital city spanning across state) and Cyber Space enabled Information & Knowledge sharing. Hope migrant workers will get opportunity to work-at-town/region at least if not work-from-home (I have already posted about home industries of organic economy). Hope the economy will reach its equilibrium state of resource, industry and population distribution overcoming all political favourism influenced by real estate mafia. Till this economic equilibrium state is reached country is going to suffer from many more crises influenced by this issue (I think that should be the conclusion of AI brain of National Enterprise unless manipulated by the real estate mafia).

And Society 5.0? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23. It seems like Society 5.0 is a combination of so many advanced concepts/technologies like industry 5.0, material 5.0 (quantum material?, smart material?), management 5.0 (sociocracy/holacracy + management 4.0 + SDG + government 5.0 ++)(government is also considered as a business enterprise here in this post), web 5.0, human 2.0/humanity 2.0/Transhumanism 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11/12/13/14, health/medicine 5.0, emotional intelligence 2.0, economy 5.0, literacy/education 4.0/5.0?, retail 5.0 etc. Society 5.0 is a combination of many types of economies like experience & transformation economy (creative society), doughnut economy, sharing/collaborative economy, recycling/circular economy along with SDGs. Society 5.0 tries to address 'ageing population', 'environmental degradation', 'climate change', 'inequality' (inclusiveness) and many more crises. Supports super smartness, autonomous driving, autonomous decentralized cities, robotization (cobots), personalization (x mass production; experience economy), collaboration (co-planning, co-design, co-construction; sharing economy), on-demand economy etc. India does not have 'ageing population' issue as severe as Japan but have a severe issue of 'inequality', 'unemployment'. As such Society layer is a layer below outer most Earth layer of Doughnut Model. Earth 5.0 could have been a more appropriate name considering its keeness to addess environmental issues along with social issues embedding economy model within system model of earth. Anyway, irrespective of Industry 5.0/Society 5.0 basic skeleton of 'Essential Goods & Services Gateway' will remain same.

Society 5.0 needs all data (except may be defense & security) to be made available to citizen transparently. How much transparent is India? We are still struggling with RTI act. When will we move to a stage when all information will be available at finger tips of any citizen without RTI application? If people know the reasons behind administrative decisions (crisis avoidance strategies) they will cooperate (if they have adequate educational skills to understand things) with each other to create a better society but corrupt political system does not encourage transparency.

Of course, there is paradox of utilizing maximum resources for essential goods & services and automation of essential goods & services which affect employment opportunities. Though Society 5.0 stresses on automation of service-oriented economy it hopes to generate jobs through customization of products (experience/transformation economy). What I think is FMCG sector will still continue with mass production of goods using productionlines/assemblylines and whatever customization/personalization, other than service, has to happen is in durable goods sector through additive manufacturing technology (3D/4D printing as per user specification/design). Only a few of high class magalomaniac society may opt for daily customization of FMCG goods. I don't think raw material (coming through primary sector i.e., mining & agriculture) consumption at household scale to produce goods at kitchen & garage (exception is cooking) is a very remote possibility. Whether secondary sector (manufacturing) plant location should be near supply point or demand point will still remain a question of optimization of supply/demand chain. ???And cloud technology will enable backend support service sector to be anywhere???.

If our goal is to robotize entire service-oriented economy (primary, secondary, tertiary all are automated) then we have to have a prior-plan to move towards experience-oriented economy/society through education (skill development) i.e. transformation-oriented education should be prioritized. For example, cloud education can be proritized to enable quicker learning. We can complete our digitalization goals on Industry 3.0 platform itself before moving toward Industry 4.0 and-then/or Society 5.0. Our worry is what are the features of Society 5.0 we can adapt without compromising on 4e (4e - employment, environment, energy, equitability (economic parity, inclusiveness); of course, this should be goal of society 5.0 itself). Or 3e (environment, energy, equitability) if we are not worried about employment assuming everything is automated including experience/transformation sectors of economy (Is this possible through AI?). Still we may not have understood what is happiness - Happiness Economy (Society QoL) 2.

It is predicted that 20% of world energy will be spent on data centres & digital technology in near future. And then there is also a question of how much energy is needed by other electronic gadgets. If we want digital technolgy to plan, govern and revive economy & environment then this setup itself needs huge amount of energy. So, restoring environment through digital means may end up in further degradion of it as extra energy is needed by data centres & other digital installations. Hence, stress is on renewable energy (nuclear energy is neither renewable energy nor clean energy though considered as green energy as it does not result in green house gases) and energy efficiency devices & technologies in not only digital sector but also in every other sector. Stuffs like optimized demand-chain management ('Demand-derived goods & services' or 'On demand goods & services') along with smart homes/building/city, super smart nation, smart grid, perzonalized lighting 1 2, personalized/wearable airconditioning/climatization 1 2, personalization of services (for example, bus or shared vehicles scheduling 1 2), perzonalization of products, anonymous analysis etc may lead to further energy efficiency.

Here is simplified version of enterprise architecture layers with society sitting at the top. Society means you, me and other human beings & lives (except anti-humans like SARS-Cov-2 ). Of course, all layers are not compulsory and hence though marked for SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition) it can just be DCS (Distributed Control System). And an enterprise can be just an enterprise without any of manufacturing or much of operational infrastructure. What is important is people and enterprises should be able to interact digitally with each other over internet (B2B, B2I, I2B, I2I).

===================================================
G&S/Cloud (L5)

National Enterprise + World Enterprise
---------------------------------------------------
private/public enterprises
social/volunteer/community enterprises
homes/individuals/things

physical, economic, social, institutional & other infrastructure

ERP, Business Planning & Logistics

G&S/Cloud applications
===================================================
G&S/Cloud Platform (L4)

Goods & Services Layer 7 (GSL7)
===================================================
MES (L3)
Manufacturing Execution Systems (MES)

Manufacturing Operations Management
===================================================
SCADA (L2)

Monitoring & Supervising
===================================================
PLC (L1)

Sensing & Manipulating
===================================================
sensors/signals/tranducers/actuators (L0)

Production Process
===================================================

We define some of terms and distinguish individuals & humans as follows
I = Individuals = Persons (without wearbles)
P = People = H = Humans (with wearbles)
B = Business = E = Enterprise
M = Machine (cybernic/cyber-physical systems including robots, plant machineries)
T = Thing (machines, wearables/exoskeletons etc)
A = Abilities
X = Anything (B/E, I, P/H, M, T, A)
Y = Anything (B/E, I, P/H, M, T, A)
IoX (Internet of Anything) are
  • IoB (or IoE),
  • IoT (or IoM or Internet of Cyber-Physical Systems)
  • IoP, IoH (Wearable IoT)
  • IoI (Internet of Individuals)
X2Y (Anything to Anything), that is communicating relations are
  • B2B (or E2E) (Business to Business or Enterprise to Enterprise)
  • I2I (Individual to Individual)
  • I2B & B2I (or I2E & E2I) (Individual to Business/Enterprise)
  • P2B & B2P (or P2E & E2P; A2P where A = Application, P = Person) (or H2B & B2H or H2E & E2H) (People/Humans to Business/Enterprise & Business/Enterprise to People/Humans)
  • M2M (Mahine to Machine)
  • M2B & B2M (M2E & E2M) (Machine to Business/Enterprise & Business/Enterprise to Machine)
  • M2P & P2M (M2H & H2M) (Machine to People/Humans & People/Humans to Machine)
For the time being, we will ignored stuffs like A2P P2P and IoA ( Internet of Abilities) as augmented human is a far off dream. Out of all IoX (Internet of Anything) if we just consider IoI and IoB (or IoE). We have addressed B2B, I2B & B2I, I2I through ESG Gateway. Hence at initial stage of ESG Gateway we will not give much priority to standardize cloud interface at different IoT/IoP layers. There are issues of M2M, M2B & B2M, M2P & P2M, like who should supply interface platform, which also can be addressed at a later stage. Still, critical essential services like healthcare should opt to standardize these interfaces also as it needs them to deliver services safely.

Here are a few quotes from websites on robotization, artificial intelligence effects & applications.

Industry 5.0: Collaborative Robotics, Mass Personalization, Productivity, And A New Relationship Between Man And Machine
Quote:
New Job Creation

The modern-day fear of robots replacing humans in the workplace is one that is deep-seated, but largely speculative. Collaborative robots give manufacturing floor workers the opportunity to continue operating in their roles, with a reduction in the dirty, dangerous, and dull tasks they need to carry out. Training and education in how to program, operate, and maintain a new fleet of robotic workers value-add to their already critical and difficult to replace skill sets.
Role of Humans in Industry 5.0
Quote:
Contrary to the assumption that people would lose jobs to AI, studies show different statistics. The future technologies are estimated to contribute to the expansion of the global manufacturing workforce by up to 4% by 2030 from the present 1.2 billion people.The supply chain management across industries would also become more agile and innovative due to increased investments in R&D, intelligent sales and marketing, distribution, and reduce the price for the value delivered.
Role of Humans in Industry 5.0
Quote:
Industry 5.0 is set to focus on the return of human hands and minds into the industrial framework.

Industry 5.0 is the revolution in which man and machine reconcile and find ways to work together to improve the means and efficiency of production.
In healthcare sector, to overcome occupational hazards including biohazards cyber-physical systems (medical monitoring, medical robots including robotic nurses 2) can be used but should be monitored remotely by doctors and nurses. Cybernics also has good scope in medical treatments 1 2.

In manufacturing sector, to overcome occupational hazards (ergonomic hazards, psychosocial hazards, biological hazards, chemical hazards, physical hazards, electrical hazards, fire & exposion hazards etc) including RSI/MSD, smart exoskeletons 1 2 can be used after studying their benefits & risks 1 2 3 4.

From inclusiveness point of view smart exoskeletons 2 3 4 5 not only empower disabled through personalization. MBaaS can enhance translational capabilities of mobile phones into languages understood by disabled persons. If technolgy can provide solution to these type of issues - New ‘Theppa’ revives the hopes of Malekudiyas - it would be great.

From crisis management point of view exoskeletons are useful for frontline disaster workers like firefighters. Cyber-physical systems like drones, cobots cab be used in risky search & rescue operations.

And I think, 'Education Cloud' is going to accelrate learning in a bigway paving a faster path for moving towards society 5.0.

Here are links to some of developments happening in India on technological front.

Tech Mahindra- ITI to make 5G tech in India
Mukesh Ambani Introduces “Made In India” 5G Solution
Quote:
Further in the meeting, Akash Ambani, member of the Reliance Executive Committee, explained the user applications of Jio’s 5G stack, giving examples such as autonomous vehicles which would be using sensors to detect imminent dangers. He added that 5G enabled drones would enable a “digitised agricultural ecosystem and help farmers enhance their crop produce and farming income.” Further applications of Jio’s 5G were claimed to be in the domains of healthcare, by ensuring remote healthcare services, and education, by enabling virtual classrooms.
NASSCOM Report showcases increased IoT innovation in India
Telangana Government To Use AI For Agricultural Innovation
Intel's Hyderabad AI centre to focus on health, road safety
Medical Technology: Siemens Healthineers bets on Indian health tech talent at innovation hub
Govt. sanctions ₹170 cr. to set up technology innovation hub on Cobotics at IIT
Medtronic launches pacemaker that can communicate directly with smartphones and tablets
Big four to battle it out for India’s rapidly growing e-commerce market

To summarize again, as such Society 5.0 goals are same as SDGs (with a stress on ageing population of Japan). There may be some additional KPIs to the one specified by SDG. SDG mapping is shown in page 14-19 of Society 5.0: Co-creating the future. In Society 5.0 for interaction between physical space and cyber space ... IoT are used extensively. In our case 'Cyber Space' is nothing but one through 'Goods & Services Gateway'. 'Physical Space' which is real world includes physical infrastructure, economic infrastructure, social infrastructure, institutional infrastructure and life & environment of earth. We are mainly interested in enterprises and people and their interactions. So, for the initial phase, we are interested in 'B2B', 'B2I'/'I2B' interactions only, not other interactions of Society 5.0 like M2M, M2B & B2M, M2P & P2M except in a few critical/hazardous domains (highest GSIL (|/&SIL?)) like healthcare to avoid biocrisis and disaster management to avoid natural/industrial disasters. Yet we can use 'Artificial Intelligence (AI)' to find solutions to all problems which lead to crisis. In other words, AI can be used for all kinds of crisis avoidance (including social, institutional, economic, physical crises avoidance).

So, to start with, our Enterprise Cloud (National Enterprise facilitated through Goods & Services Gateway) will be sitting between Industry 3.0 and Society 5.0 (Industry 5.0) but not Industry 4.0. We have to evolve to Society 5.0 from Industry 3.0 or whatever we are in now bypassing Industry 4.0 (as Industry 4.0 will result in a lot of economic crisis in a country like ours).

========================
------Society 5.0-------
========================
^
^
========================
----Enterprise Cloud----
========================
^
^
========================
------Industry 3.0------
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We have to evolve towards Society 5.0 or beyond from wherever we are now without facing any crisis. Hence, 'GS Gateway' development also follows an evolutionay 1 2 3 4 5 path with crisis avoidance strategies. Only difference from natural evolution is that artificial intelligence will help us in generating evolutionary model in cyber space. (IndiaStack already is in evolutionary path). The question is if any severe crisis occurs due to faults in computational model we should be able to fallback easily to a previous state with less crisis. India's evolutionary path to society 5.0 should also be like Japan though our goals are limited in the begining. We have to discuss, write research articles, books, create awareness etc before developing the system itself.

Scope of "Atal Institute of Innovation Informatics" suggested by me (Mangalore cityscapes, Projects page #13 post #247) can be extended to track innovations and their contribution to economic growth, employment generation (job loss x new job generation) & skill needs to adopt technology. One of the goal of institute should be to assess new technologies for benefits, limitations, hazards, contribution to inclusiveness, crisis avoidance, material footprint, carbon footprint etc before recommending for use. The institute can offer its services as a part of 'Research & Innovation Gateway' (Research & Innovation as a Service Cloud) integrated with CBO Incubation and Startup India setup of mentors/investors/accelrators/corporates/incubators.

Also, we need to undestand more about experience 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 & transformation 1 2 3 4 economy before moving towards total automation of product/service-oriented economy. What are implication of experience on environment & inclusiveness? At what cost of environment, experience is generated? How it affects inclusiveness? 'Research & Innovation Gateway' goal is to achieve better crisis management, inclusiveness & environment but may not be for better experience as such. But many people were facing problems of isolation, depression during Covid-19 lockdown. So, it could be useful to deliver as much as suitable psycologically helpful experience & transformation at home itself to overcome effects of isolation & mental strain.

National Enterprise should be able to provide all essential services inclusively to every citizen. Our financial & monetary policies should enable the inclusive nature of essential services. For example, high tax on luxury goods & services which consume a lot of otherwise inclusive resources (to achieve SDG 8.4 decouple economic growth from environmental degradation, SDG 12.2 sustainable management and efficient use of natural resources targets - "Material footprint, material footprint per capita, and material footprint per GDP"). Only a fool can advice of uniform GST rate for everything to create scarcity of essential goods and services. And there are more of them waiting in queue who think India able to conserve biodiversity because of its culture, ethos to be with nature. We will talk more on GST, freight equalisation etc while discussing globalization x localization.

For the time being, the goal of 'Atmanirbhar Bharat' should be to achieve better 'Essential Goods & Services Security (EGS Security)' or 'Essential Goods & Services Sustainability (EGS Sustainability)' at all times including crisis like biodisater (secure if & only if sustainable). EGS Security should ensure minimum income security to everyone inclusively at all times under every crisis including disaster or war. It may be useful to interoduce some kind of 'lockdown insurance' or 'crisis insurance' for non-essential & essential goods & service providing organized/unorganized workers who may lose job during crisis/lockdown but government decision on lockdown may be influenced by private insurance companies. 'Atmanirbhar Bharat' needs 'Technological Security' in at least EGS sectors (Of course, many open source commons are available to every country now itself enabling self-reliance but may not be sufficient). The self-reliant India should master all tehnological arenas needed by EGS. Availability, resilience of EGS should be important. 'EGS Secure India' could be achieved by having around 100-200 'EGS secure' or 'EGS self-reliant' regions in India. 'EGS self-reliant/self-sufficient' regions should produce about 70% of EGS within the region. 'EGS Secure India' may have to produce 90%-99% EGS goods & services within India. For the time being it seems like globalization or trade with other countries should be limited to non-essential sectors; but, it may also mean eat Indian apple instead of American apple during crisis though from environmental point of view this is prefered all times. We can talk more about this and other pros & cons while discussing globalization x localization issues later.

We have already talked about 'Design For Recycling' & Inclusiveness. 'Doughnut Economics' captures it in a better way through 'Design to Regenerate' and 'Create to Distribute' (for example, through 'commons' - community based organizations). Our 'Design For Sustainability (Design For Crisis Avoidance/Prevention)' list expands as follows for 'Smart India' or 'Super Smart India' (what we will be promised in the next election? Smart India or Super Smart India or Superpower India?)(the list below follows same classification of infrastucture as done in 100 smart city proposal - physical, social, economic, institutional with a few minor additions)
  • Design For Environmental Sustainability - sustainability of natural infrastructure - Doughnut Economics 'Design to Regenerate' - natural disasters (earthquakes, tsunami, cyclones, floods, landslides, draughts, sea erosions, forest fires), man-made disasters (planetary boundaries, groundwater contamination, marine oil spills, material spills, fires, explosions, transportation/mining/industrial accidents, structure failures, mining accidents, acts of terrorism). 1.
  • Design For Human Sustainability - personal infrastructure or human capital - over population (population explosion), under population/depopulation, migration crisis, aging population, unskilled/uneducated population crisis (if does not have enough resources to feed essential goods & services to every human being).
  • Design For Social Sustainability - includes Doughnut Economics 'Create to Distribute' for finance & 'Design to Regenerate' for material infrastucture - rumours, conflicts/riots/strikes/violences, ethnic/linguistic/religious/regional confrontations, xenophobia, education crisis (learning crisis 1, teaching crisis 1, educational infrastructure crisis, educational service delivery crisis), healthcare crisis 1 2 3 (biological disasters, medical staff crisis, healthcare infrastructure crisis, healthcare supply chain crisis, service delivery crisis).
  • Design For Economic/Financial Sustainability - includes Doughnut Economics 'Create to Distribute' for financial infrastructure & 'Design to Regenerate' for industrial raw materials & material infrastucture - sustainability of economic infrastructure - general economic crises (recession, stagflation, depression, collapse - price deflation/inflation, unemployment, financial crises, stock market crash, bank failures), industrial crises (industrial disasters 1 2, technoloical crisis 1 2, worker strikes/confrontations 1 2 & lockdowns, malevolence 1, organizational misdeeds 1, bankruptcy 1). speculative finance. Sustainable manufacturing with efficient manufacturing waste management 1 2 3 4.
  • Design For Physical Sustainability - includes Doughnut Economics 'Create to Distribute' for financial infrastructure & 'Design to Regenerate' for material infrastucture - sustainability of physical/material infrastructure - sustainable mobility or public/non-motorised/multi-mode/electrified transportation with transit-oriented development, sustainable housing or green buildings, localized transactions (mixed-mode developmet, walk to shop/school/work), sustainable materials, sustainable water management, sustainable sewarage/sanitation/drainage & waste management 1 2 3 4.
  • Design For Institutional Sustainability - sustainability of institutional infrastructure - political crisis (constitutional crisis, law and order crisis), judiciary crisis.
  • Design For Energy Sustainability - energy crisis 2 3 4 - energy security - renewable energy, energy efficient devices/machines/buildings 1, energy conservation/sufficiency 1 2 3.
  • Design For Agricultural Sustainability - agricultural/agrarian/food-chain crisis 1 2 3 4 - food security
  • Design For Arts & Cultural Sustainability - includes Doughnut Economics 'Create to Distribute' for financial infrastructure & 'Design to Regenerate' for material infrastucture - Society 5.0 aims for creative society and also may be 'Experience & Transformation Economy' - sustainability of arts & cultural, religious infrastructure's diversity/pluralism/agnosticism.
  • Design For Technological Sustainability - design for sustainability of technological infrastructure including digital infrastructure, defense/security infrastructure and other essential technological infrastructure (mostly appear as educational sustainability as a part of social sustainability) - technological crisis 1 2 3 (should we ignore this?) - adopt sustainable smart techonologies if they help in achieving sustainability goals. For example, solar panels don't provide sustainable solution if maintainence service is not available in rural areas hence to avoid this we need to train rural youths. Assure technological security/sustainability wherever it is used as per GSIL requirements. 'National Enterprise' is based on technology, if technology collpases then everything collapses, so even switching from automatic to manual process should be a smooth process.
  • Design For Crisis Avoidance/Prevention ('Design For No-Crisis' or 'Design For Zero-Crisis') - includes all above - environmental crisis, human crisis, social crisis, economic/financial crisis, physical/material crisis, institutional crisis, cultural crisis, technological crisis - build resilience. For example, risk factors like malnutrition weakens immunity system against biocrisis, weak houses can't withstand natural disasters like earthquakes, faultlines in financial system lead to financial crisis 1 2 3. All faults, failure modes, risk factors, risk/crisis avoidance techniques have to be identifeid and fault tolerance has to be designed into the system. If government at different levels along with judiciary are active controllers then media is passive watchdog monitor 1 (there are other watchdog monitors like NGOs 1).
  • Research on risk & crisis identification, analysis, simulation, prediction, aviodance & management - Indian/National/Central Institute of Crisis/Disaster Management. What we need is Integrated Risk/Crisis Management in all fronts including finance, environment, healthcare and all essential services. As such this thread itself has identified issues/incidences, actions in many sectors under different classification.
  • Crises like malevolence, bankruptcy, worker strikes/confrontations, voilence, rumours are common to other enterprises in like physical, social & institutional infrastructure sectors though classified under economic crises. Same is true when technology is used (Design For Technological Sustainability?). Natural disaster also.
  • Crisis & Risk Management Gateway - listed earlier in this post
  • Crisis & Risk Management is a continuous work
  • Essential Goods & Services with higher GSIL should be designed for avoiding crises of all types to a higher degree of resilience. 'EGS sustainability' under all circumstances is the most important goal to be achieved.
  • Regular SWOT Analysis is important for sustainability.

One of my college professor, who had a lot of practical knowledge, used to ask questions to students before going ahead with class so to raise students' curiosity. One of the question was "Which has to be switched on first - plant or controller?". India want to develop in a sustainable way, to achieve that we should have control on the development path. 'Goods & Services Gateway' in general (or 'EGS Gateway' in particular) equips us with data and hence control. Important issue is what is the developmental cost and then operational cost of this gateway including energy cost.

I think India has now BFSI & Governance Gateway to a certain extent. Health Gateway is planned. Some of other critical ones are police, defense (may be classified information) and crisis/disaster management. I think agriculture may be of next priority. Others can be prioritized after studying effects of failure (FMEA?).

One more important issue is of keeping 'GS Gateway' inclusive and open. The 'National Enterprise' should be idealogically neutral. Any social media if associated with enterprise platform should not have any ideological preference. It is, currently, worrisome that social platform like facebook 1, twitter are against idealogical diversity means support pseudoliberal monoidealogies. This allegedly because of non-secular countries or countries having official religions holding shares in them. We are already forced to do unethical things 1 2 3 by monoreligious countries 1 2 (probably there is reciprocity, for example, in death case of an actress in a bath tub)(good relations are helping India a lot 1 but should we compromise on values). We may suffer more as idealogical monopolization of social media denies political voice to supporters of opposing idealogies. What we need may be idealogical clash avoidance laws on social network if it has to be linked with national enterprise platform. Even innovation will suffer under idealogical monopolization as innovation is based on openness. There is always fear that monoideological faultlines like monotheism(/monoculture/monolinguistism) and associated blind beliefs & doctrines may put our future Galileos behind idealogical bars. Only crisis avoidance technique against this is to inculcate religiously diverse/pluralistic/agnostic/polyculturistic values through educational system along with polyidealogical/multilinguistic values. A diverse/pluralistic society can be more creative & innovative. We have to eliminate all laws supporting blashphemy 1 2 3 4 to make our country more open and innovative. It is hard to realize why the religions which thrived on blashphemy of other religions seek to hide behind the shield of blashphemy laws. A few steps like this one are welcome to cultivate healthy mind but we are still waiting for a real 56" chestman to lead us towards a pluralistic open India. When we are facing resistance on mutual respect itself how can we aspire for a bigger goal like imbibing pluralism 2, openness hence broadmindedness in religiously/idealogically brainwashed individuals? I don't understand why religions depict the God as so weak? If an electron can have properties of particle and wave simultaneously why can't the God be powerful enough to exhibit properties of monotheism, polytheism, pantheism etc simultaneously? Can we build a diverse resilient inclusive open society in a near future with our gang of opportunistic politicians & intellectuals?

By the way, what was India's vision and mission traditionally for individuals from point of indigenous religious & cultural perspective? Were we supposed to wait for help from external divinity to solve our issues or awaken divinity within us to conquer crises instead of vilifying ourselves as self-centred evils? Can technologies like exoskeleton, intelligence amplification/augmented intelligence make a human being a superhuman being with powers currently identified as supernatural powers? Can we compare 'GS Gateway' with 'Advaita Gateway' or 'Yoga Gateway' or 'Dharma Gateway' for gaining moksha from worldly sufferings/crises 1? Or simply, whether 'GS Gateway' or 'Society Gateway' can be used for salvation from social, economical & ecological crises? 'GS Gateway' provides a way for connecting individuals, enterprises, things/machines with each other. It helps in unification of all enterprises in national/world enterprise to achieve a common good. Goal of yoga is also unification with the world. Through yogic practices one is supposed to move from self-oriented state to society-oriented & life-oriented state and gain moksha by feeling oneness with society, environment & world. Doughnut economics, society 5.0 also stresses on achieving unified good for society/world as a whole. Society 5.0 is created through internet in a fashion similar to creation of brahmanda/universe through indrajala/indra's net. If in adyatmik world karmas are recorded in unlimited akashik records in our case a few of them would be recorded in limited cyber space. Cyber world where shivataandava of people, enterprise and machines churn out wealth through samudra manthana of goods and services. Endless shrivatsa knot were opposing advaita forces - suraasura forces (yin & yang forces, takarangi forces) - interacting in whitenet/darknet manifest, interplay to restore/destroy union, harmony & happiness of the world. If emerging vegan values represents unification of humans and animals (of course, humans have genetic relation with other living beings through horizontal gene transfer also) 1. Cobots represents unification or advaita state of man and machine. Wearables/implantables/exoskeletons/AI enable us to merge human consciousness with machine/material consciousness (through cyber space but may not be transcental consciousness or any other higher level of consciousness; how nice if तुरीय/तुरीयातीत/समाधि state would have been achievable through technology!; alas, we would have had #turiyaBollywood instead of #pudiyaBollywood; read also 1 2 3 4 5 6). In unified enterprise platform both India Inc and India Uninc 1 2, sociallism and capitalism may exist in harmony. But, question remains whether cyberworld can lead us towards eternal economical/social happiness 1 2, 'blissful thought of existence' or nirvaanic state of सच्चिदानन्द or अस्ति भाति प्रिय!

I will update this post later if I see decentralization of India and most of works related to 'GS Gateway' happens in tier II/III cities far away, at least 150 km away, from monstrous tier-I cities exceeding population of 50 lakhs. But anyway I wish to write more on 'Urban/Rural Governance Gateway' and 'Agricultural Gateway' focusing on tier II/III cities and villages.

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