^ I did the math years ago after the 2000 census, using census tracts. I can't find my data now, but I seem to recall the following:
Based approximately (because the census tracts don't exactly coincide) on the tiny 1950 city limits of Phoenix (17 square miles), that same area today would have about 90,000 people. In 1950, it was 106,000 people. This would occupy parts of the present day villages of Central City and Encanto.
Inside the preserves (and roughly correlating with the 1970 city limits of Phoenix), meaning roughly North Mountain/Shaw Butte on the north, Camelback to the northeast, Scottsdale city border to the east, Salt River to the south, and 55th Avenue on the west (which is about the average size of the average major American city), we would have about 600,000 people living in about 150 square miles. This would be essentially unchanged from the 1970 census findings for Phoenix (580,000 people in 170 square miles).
The densest villages within the city of Phoenix are Alhambra, Maryvale and Encanto in that order. Alhambra is basically northwest of downtown to the Glendale border, and has 137,000 people living in 19 square miles, yielding a population density of over 7,000 people per square mile.
Cherry-picking the densest villages of Phoenix (Alhambra, Camelback East, Central City, Encanto, Maryvale, North Mountain and Paradise Valley), you would get a city of about 200 square miles, with a population of about 934,000. Today, this same area might have 1 million people (from the 2000-2005 boom), but I suspect it is declining in population now. The resulting city would look like this (except I mistakenly cut out Paradise Valley, so just add that to the northeast):
I know the formatting is going to get fried on this, but here's the village data for 2000:
PHOENIX VILLAGE INFORMATION
2000 Census Data
Village Area Population Density Income Poverty
Ahwatukee 35.7 75,961 2,128 33,509 3.4
Alhambra 19.2 136,829 7,127 17,304 19.6
Camelback East 36.3 140,609 3,874 25,584 15.0
Central City 21.3 65,495 3,075 8,924 44.7
Deer Valley 56.6 144,140 2,547 22,033 6.7
Desert View 67.8 23,499 347 31,440 3.5
Encanto 10.5 60,324 5,745 16,642 22.0
Estrella 41.4 43,351 1,047 9,236 32.6
Laveen 30.6 8,981 293 15,262 19.2
Maryvale 32.5 189,996 5,846 11,979 18.5
New Village 41.2 109 3 ---- ---
North Gateway 44.7 1,734 39 ---- ---
North Mountain 34.7 166,975 4,812 21,424 12.2
Paradise Valley 43.0 174,696 4,063 27,163 7.1
South Mountain 39.8 91,913 2,309 11,615 26.1
Totals: 555.3 1,324,612 2,385 19,833 11.5
Notes:
All numbers rounded and from the 2000 census.
Area in square miles.
Density in people per square mile.
Income is per capita income for 1999.
Poverty is percentage of total population below the official federal poverty level.
Village geographical map is here:
http://www.phoenix.gov/PLANNING/vplanners.pdf
--don