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  #321  
Old Posted Mar 8, 2014, 8:15 PM
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It didn't look so bad 50 to 100 years ago when "interurban" trains ran down that street, trains that looked more like streetcars than commuter trains.

What you're seeing may not last long because studies are underway to reroute these trains.
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  #322  
Old Posted Mar 8, 2014, 11:27 PM
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Not even that long ago, as the old electrics were running well into the early 80s.
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  #323  
Old Posted Mar 10, 2014, 5:07 PM
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Record 10.7 Billion Trips Taken On U.S. Public Transportation In 2013

The Highest Transit Ridership in 57 Years


In 2013 Americans took 10.7 billion trips on public transportation, which is the highest annual public transit ridership number in 57 years, according to a report released today by the American Public Transportation Association (APTA). This was the eighth year in a row that more than 10 billion trips were taken on public transportation systems nationwide. While vehicle miles traveled on roads (VMT) went up 0.3 percent, public transportation use in 2013 increased by 1.1 percent.

“Last year people took 10.7 billion trips on public transportation. As the highest annual ridership number since 1956, Americans in growing numbers want to have more public transit services in their communities,” said Peter Varga, APTA Chair and CEO of The Rapid in Grand Rapids, MI. “Public transportation systems nationwide – in small, medium, and large communities – saw ridership increases. Some reported all-time high ridership numbers.”

Some of the public transit agencies reporting record ridership system-wide or on specific lines were located in the following cities: Ann Arbor, MI; Cleveland, OH; Denver, CO; Espanola, NM; Flagstaff, AZ; Fort Myers, FL; Indianapolis, IN; Los Angeles, CA; New Orleans, LA; Oakland, CA; Pompano Beach, FL; Riverside, CA; Salt Lake City, UT; San Carlos, CA; Tampa, FL; Yuma, AZ; and New York, NY.

Since 1995 public transit ridership is up 37.2 percent, outpacing population growth, which is up 20.3 percent, and vehicle miles traveled (VMT), which is up 22.7 percent.

“There is a fundamental shift going on in the way we move about our communities. People in record numbers are demanding more public transit services and communities are benefiting with strong economic growth,” said APTA President and CEO Michael Melaniphy.

“Access to public transportation matters,” continued Melaniphy. “Community leaders know that public transportation investment drives community growth and economic revitalization.”

Another reason behind the ridership increases is the economic recovery in certain areas.
When more people are employed, public transportation ridership increases since nearly 60 percent of the trips taken on public transportation are for work commutes.”

“The federal investment in public transit is paying off and that is why Congress needs to act this year to pass a new transportation bill,” said Melaniphy.
http://www.apta.com/mediacenter/pres...Ridership.aspx

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Mass Transit, Roy L Hales, World
BYD Sells Another 2,200 Ebuses & Taxis
March 9, 2014
By Roy L Hales

Build Your Dreams (BYD) sale of 1,800 electric buses and 400 electric taxis, this week, is the most recent example of how this Chinese company is expanding into the World market.

Four days ago, on March 5, the Nanjing Public Transportation Group ordered 600 BYD ebuses, 50 of which were delivered for the city’s Youth Olympic Games in August 2014. Authorities also placed an order for 400 of BYD’s all-electric e6, a 5-passenger cross-over utility vehicle, some of which have already hit the streets.

On March 7, the company announced the sale of another 1,200 ebuses. These will be delivered to the city of Dalian in 2014 and 2015. During the ceremony,
“BYD Founder and CEO Chuanfu Wang introduced company milestones, R&D capabilities and products including the electric bus and fully electric e6 SUV being used worldwide in fleet applications. He also took the chance to talk about BYD’s latest consumer offering – the break-through, plug-in-hybrid, Qin. Chairman Wang highlighted operational statistics of the BYD electric fleets now totaling over 175 million Km traveled (~111 million miles in revenue service) and operating in many cities including recent projects in London, England and New York City. A key message from the BYD Chairman was that this technology is not just environmentally friendly, but very efficient and profitable for the operators as witnessed in the Shenzhen fleets. Zhenggao Chen, Governor of Liaoning province, expressed his view that BYD is a pioneer in the aspect of new energy vehicles, and is confident BYD will seize the opportunity to develop and keep mastering the core technologies for new energy vehicles to keep winning the war combating poor air quality.”
BYD is a publicly-traded company and 60% of the investors are Americans. Warren Buffet is among them. Berkshire Hathaway owns around 6% of BYD’s stock. Mr. Buffett and his colleagues recognize BYD’s breakthrough battery and EV technologies: an electrified, 24-hour, and long-range battery that provides emission-free, silent, and economic public and private transportation. (The Chinese Government does not have any shares.)
http://www.theecoreport.com/green-bl...-ebuses-taxis/
http://cleantechnica.com/2014/03/10/...s-taxis-china/

Last edited by amor de cosmos; Mar 10, 2014 at 5:32 PM.
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  #324  
Old Posted Mar 11, 2014, 4:49 PM
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Edmonton to be one of first Canadian cities to test electric transit buses

Read More: http://www.edmontonjournal.com/news/...641/story.html

Quote:
Edmonton is bringing in two electric buses this spring to become the second Canadian city to test the new technology, Edmonton Transit manager Charlie Stolte says. Earlier batteries needed to be recharged too frequently to be practical, but new versions can run for about 200 kilometres, he said Wednesday.

The vehicles are apparently cheaper to operate, quieter and have less environmental impact than diesel buses, but Stolte hopes the nine-month project shows how well they perform in the cold. --- “The major concern is adaptability to Edmonton and the price point. We aren’t going to go out and buy an exorbitant amount.” --- The electric buses, being supplied by the Chinese company BYD, cost $700,000 to $800,000 each, compared to $430,000 for conventional diesel.

Stolte will try to convince other municipalities in the region to share the $120,000 cost of the pilot project, expected to start in May. Electric buses are being tried in Montreal. They’re also in use or being tested in several U.S. cities, including New York and Los Angeles, and overseas.

.....





Seattle Great Wheel developers propose downtown gondola line

Read More: http://mynorthwest.com/11/2470892/Gr...e-gondola-line

Quote:
It sounds a little pie in the sky, but the folks behind Seattle's Great Wheel have unveiled an even grander project: a gondola between downtown Seattle and the waterfront. The Griffith family announced the official launch of the Union Street Gondola Tuesday, which would run between the Washington State Convention Center and the waterfront down Union Street.

It's something the Griffith's have talked about for several years. But developer Kyle Griffith says they're finally ready to begin making the dream a reality. --- "We've partnered with the best local architects and engineers and traffic consultants and people who've worked with the city on a regular basis," Griffith says. --- Griffith unveiled initial design concepts and introduced key partners at a launch event, including what he says is the most recognized engineering firm in the world.

The gondola line would carry up to 1,800 people an hour in the eight-passenger cars, which would depart every 16 seconds. The trip would take five-minutes to complete, Griffith says. --- "We've been meeting with property owners all along Union Street," he says. "We've been able to use the feedback a lot to change the way it operates and looks."

.....
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  #325  
Old Posted Mar 11, 2014, 6:08 PM
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Hyundai Motor to launch first battery-powered electric car in 2016
HWASEONG, South Korea Tue Mar 11, 2014 6:18am EDT

(Reuters) - Hyundai Motor Co plans to start selling its first battery-powered electric vehicle (EV) in 2016 as South Korea's champion of fuel-cell cars hedges its bets in next-generation green technology.

Hyundai has leant toward engines which turn hydrogen into electricity in response to stricter emissions regulations in markets such as the United States. Research and development partner Kia Motors Corp has focused on rechargeable batteries.

But the division of labor is blurring at a time when the number of battery-powered EVs is on the rise. BMW's i3 and Nissan Motor Co Ltd's Leaf are widely expected to reach Korea this year - as will Kia's Soul EV.

"There is no clear direction about which eco-friendly cars will win. We are dividing roles of Hyundai and Kia, with Hyundai launching fuel cell cars and Kia focusing on electric cars," Senior Vice President Lee Ki-sang told reporters on Tuesday.

"But the time will come when Kia will introduce a fuel-cell car. Hyundai is also preparing to launch a (battery-powered) electric car in 2016," Lee said at the Korean launch of the Soul EV.
http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/...A2A07Q20140311
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  #326  
Old Posted Mar 13, 2014, 5:49 PM
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Researcher collaborates to develop better batteries for electric cars
All-solid-state technology lengthens mileage while reducing risk

By Jennifer Allford
March 4, 2014

The smattering of electric cars you see on the road today run on batteries that are expensive, heavy, won’t take you very far and are prone to catching on fire if they get overheated. But researchers at the University of Calgary and the University of Maryland are collaborating on safe and robust all-solid-state batteries that will be better able to power electric vehicles (EVs).

“This is the future for sure,” says Venkataraman Thangadurai, an associate professor in the Department of Chemistry in the Faculty of Science at the University of Calgary and associate director of Calgary Advanced Energy Storage and Conversion Research. “Everybody in the automobile industry, BMW, Toyota, GM, Ford, and other major manufacturers in the industry, are developing EVs.”

Ceramic materials avoid fire risk

And those cars will need better batteries. Thangadurai and his colleagues Eric Wachsman and Liangbing Hu in Maryland, are developing all-solid-state Lithium-ion batteries (SSLiBs) which use ceramic materials instead of organic ones, eliminating the risk of catching on fire or “catastrophic failure.” The SSLiBs will have more power — six volts instead of four — and go three times further on one charge than current batteries in electric cars.

“The battery could transport your electric car for up to about 250 miles,” says Thangadurai. “It could run from here to Edmonton, so the battery could be used for driving long distances and not restricted to local commute.” The SSLiBs will be less expensive and last longer: “About 10 times cheaper with five times longer life cycle,” says Thangadurai, who pioneered the Li-garnet solid-state electrolytes that will be used in the SSLiBs.
http://www.ucalgary.ca/utoday/issue/...-electric-cars

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1 mile of a protected bike lane is 100x cheaper than 1 mile of roadway (Chart)
Zachary Shahan
Transportation / Bikes
March 13, 2014

One of the most hilarious (or, hilariously illogical) attacks on expanding bicycle infrastructure that I've seen repeatedly pop up over the years is the idea that "bicycle infrastructure costs too much." It only takes a few moments to reflect and put such costs into perspective.

For one, bikes are clearly much smaller and lighter than cars or trucks. So, the space needed to accommodate bicyclists is obviously much smaller, and the repairs needed from deterioration are also smaller. Furthermore, as you attract more people to bicycling, that pulls people out of their cars, reducing the deterioration and eventual repair costs of the car lanes. Naturally, the benefits improve even further when we think about bridges.

Looking at San Francisco, in particular, the San Francisco Bicycle Coalition recently published an article on the cost of a mile of bike lane in San Francisco versus a mile of other forms of transportation. The difference was stark, but PeopleForBikes made the starkness much more evident by creating a chart of those numbers. Check it out (be prepared to scroll for a while:
http://www.treehugger.com/bikes/1-mi...way-chart.html

Quote:
BMW i8 electric supercar details unveiled
Zachary Shahan
Transportation / Cars
March 12, 2014

The BMW i8, a plug-in hybrid electric supercar, is now on the production line. The sports car has 23 miles of all-electric range. It can go from 0 to 62 mph in an impressive 4.4 seconds, and it can get from 50 mph to 75 mph in 2.6 seconds. In other words: it’s fast.

However, the key for many of us here on TreeHugger is that it’s not only fast but also super efficient. It’s a pricey supercar that a rich greenie with a love for fast cars can feel good about. The BMW i8 reportedly gets a combined 112 MPGe, thanks to its electric motor, impressive aerodynamics, and light weight. (However, note that the 112 MPGe is for the European testing system, which is not as stringent as the US one. The EPA rating is sure to be lower.)

http://www.treehugger.com/cars/bmw-i...-unveiled.html

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  #327  
Old Posted Mar 16, 2014, 1:27 AM
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Local switching Maglevs, tilting trains for curves, air trains on air tracks, etc.


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Last edited by M II A II R II K; Mar 16, 2014 at 1:47 AM.
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  #328  
Old Posted Mar 17, 2014, 5:21 PM
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Open Source Race Team Headed for LeMans 2015

Are you a would-be car designer with a passion for motorsports, an appreciation for the thrill and spectacle of LeMans, and a teeny, tiny feeling that you- if you were given a chance- could design a car that would crush the dominant-for-several-years-now Audi hybrids and scare Porsche so badly they’d have to put their new 919 hybrid supercar on Xanax to keep it from bolting away from the starting grid? Well, my friend, you should definitely head on over to Perrinn.com and see what those zany kids are doing, because they’re crowdsourcing an all-wheel drive hybrid LeMans entry.

An all wheel drive hybrid LeMans entry, that is, that they’re planning to take to the big show as early as next year. (!!)

The Perrinn guys aren’t a bunch of college-level hopefuls, though, so don’t start thinking they’re crowdsourcing it in the quad. These guys have some legit Formula 1 credentials at Williams and have already designed LeMans contenders at Courage and Pescarolo. “We are a manufacturer, not a customer team,” explains Nicolas Perrin, who is heaidng up the project. “We are a real race car project, not (an experiment). What makes myTeam such an attractive proposition for participants is the free access to open source data like car design, financial data, race strategy and more. Fans, followers and sponsors are truly inside the team, behind the scenes, with us.”
http://gas2.org/2014/03/13/open-sour...d-lemans-2015/

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Tesla to Convert New Jersey Stores to Showrooms After Ban
By Terrence Dopp and Alan Ohnsman Mar 14, 2014 9:01 PM PT

Tesla Motors Inc. Chairman Elon Musk said the company will keep its two New Jersey stores open as showrooms after appointees of Governor Chris Christie barred it from selling directly to consumers.

Musk said Tesla’s stores, at the Garden State Plaza in Paramus and the Mall at Short Hills in Millburn, will become “galleries” on April 1, when the ban takes effect. Customers can view the cars there before ordering from the company’s website. Tesla will continue selling from locations in Manhattan and suburban Philadelphia, he said in a blog post.

The eight-member Motor Vehicle Commission, which consists of members of Christie’s cabinet and other gubernatorial appointees, voted unanimously March 11 to block Tesla from direct sales. While auto dealers said the move would protect consumers, Tesla and its supporters accused the state of favoring local dealerships.

“As anyone who has been through the conventional auto dealer purchase process knows, consumer protection is pretty much the furthest thing from the typical car dealer’s mind,” Musk wrote in the post.

Kevin Roberts, a spokesman for Christie, declined to comment yesterday on Musk’s blog post in an e-mail. He pointed to an earlier statement this week saying the governor believes Tesla needs the Legislature to lift the direct-sales prohibition.
http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-0...state-ban.html

Quote:
March 14, 2014
To the People of New Jersey
By Elon Musk, Chairman, Product Architect & CEO

On Tuesday, under pressure from the New Jersey auto dealer lobby to protect its monopoly, the New Jersey Motor Vehicle Commission, composed of political appointees of the Governor, ended your right to purchase vehicles at a manufacturer store within the state. Governor Christie had promised that this would be put to a vote of the elected state legislature, which is the appropriate way to change the law. When it became apparent to the auto dealer lobby that this approach would not succeed, they cut a backroom deal with the Governor to circumvent the legislative process and pass a regulation that is fundamentally contrary to the intent of the law.

It is worth examining the history of these laws to understand why they exist, as the auto dealer franchise laws were originally put in place for a just cause and are now being twisted to an unjust purpose. Many decades ago, the incumbent auto manufacturers sold franchises to generate capital and gain a salesforce. The franchisees then further invested a lot of their money and time in building up the dealerships. That’s a fair deal and it should not be broken. However, some of the big auto companies later engaged in pressure tactics to get the franchisees to sell their dealerships back at a low price. The franchisees rightly sought protection from their state legislatures, which resulted in the laws on the books today throughout the United States (these laws are not present anywhere else in the world).

The intent was simply to prevent a fair and longstanding deal between an existing auto company and its dealers from being broken, not to prevent a new company that has no franchisees from selling directly to consumers. In most states, the laws are reasonable and clear. In a handful of states, the laws were written in an overzealous or ambiguous manner. When all auto companies sold through franchises, this didn’t really matter. However, when Tesla came along as a new company with no existing franchisees, the auto dealers, who possess vastly more resources and influence than Tesla, nonetheless sought to force us to sell through them.

The reason that we did not choose to do this is that the auto dealers have a fundamental conflict of interest between promoting gasoline cars, which constitute virtually all of their revenue, and electric cars, which constitute virtually none. Moreover, it is much harder to sell a new technology car from a new company when people are so used to the old. Inevitably, they revert to selling what’s easy and it is game over for the new company.

The evidence is clear: when has an American startup auto company ever succeeded by selling through auto dealers? The last successful American car company was Chrysler, which was founded almost a century ago, and even they went bankrupt a few years ago, along with General Motors. Since the founding of Chrysler, there have been dozens of failures, Tucker and DeLorean being simply the most well-known. In recent years, electric car startups, such as Fisker, Coda, and many others, attempted to use auto dealers and all failed.

An even bigger conflict of interest with auto dealers is that they make most of their profit from service, but electric cars require much less service than gasoline cars. There are no oil, spark plug or fuel filter changes, no tune-ups and no smog checks needed for an electric car. Also, all Tesla Model S vehicles are capable of over-the-air updates to upgrade the software, just like your phone or computer, so no visit to the service center is required for that either.

Going a step further, I have made it a principle within Tesla that we should never attempt to make servicing a profit center. It does not seem right to me that companies try to make a profit off customers when their product breaks. Overcharging people for unneeded servicing (often not even fixing the original problem) is rampant within the industry and happened to me personally on several occasions when I drove gasoline cars. I resolved that we would endeavor never to do such a thing at Tesla, as described in the Tesla service blog post I wrote last year.
http://www.teslamotors.com/blog/people-new-jersey
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  #329  
Old Posted Mar 19, 2014, 5:56 PM
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Electric Cars Have a Dirty Little Secret
Like most of the world's billion cars, they use a potent super greenhouse gas in their air-conditioning systems.

By Maria Gallucci and Bob Port
Mar 19, 2014

America's electric cars are better for the environment, but they share a dirty little secret.

The Chevy Volt, Nissan Leaf and Tesla Roadster all use a super greenhouse gas known as HFC 134a as the refrigerant for their air conditioners. The liquid coolant is so potent that when it leaks into the atmosphere it traps 1,400 times more heat than carbon dioxide over a 100-year time horizon.

For automakers and advocates of green transportation, it poses an uncomfortable truth: Vehicles touted as a solution to climate change carry a hairspray-sized canister loaded with a chemical that significantly contributes to warming of the earth's climate. As much as half of current HFC emissions, a small but fast-growing source of global warming pollution, come from leaks out of the air conditioners in cars.

Already a number of Chevrolet, Buick, GMC and Cadillac gas-powered cars use an alternative climate-friendlier coolant called HFO 1234yf, as carmakers confront growing pressure from environmentalists and as regulations are developed by governments. Climate experts say it's clear that all electric automakers should get on board soon. "It makes sense for electric vehicles to use [alternatives], and to reduce their overall global warming potential," said Don Anair, deputy director of the clean vehicles program at the Union of Concerned Scientists, a science advocacy group.

But among 16 EV models on America's roads, only two—Chevy's newest model of its all-electric Spark and the leaseable Honda Fit—have ditched the super greenhouse gas HFC 134a for the climate safe alternative so far.

Many automakers of both electric cars and conventional ones have expressed reluctance to commit to the switch, citing the cost and limited supply of new alternatives. The European Union has banned HFC 134a for any newly redesigned or reengineered vehicles this year, and for all vehicles in 2017—though the industry elsewhere is not rapidly adopting the EU's lead. The United States has no such mandate yet. The EPA is considering one.
http://insideclimatenews.org/news/20...-little-secret
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  #330  
Old Posted Mar 19, 2014, 8:10 PM
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Seems someone took a commercial a bit too seriously.


http://jalopnik.com/car-plowing-onto...ute-1547046113


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  #331  
Old Posted Mar 20, 2014, 7:22 PM
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Cars
Tesla Can Topple the Car-Dealer Monopoly
Mar 20, 2014 10:03 AM ET
By Edward Niedermeyer

Ask any of Tesla's customers or fans what makes them so enthused about the California car brand, and the answer will almost always have something to do with the all-electric drive-train strategy or the inevitable replacement of gas cars with electric power. Actually, Tesla's automotive technology is neither completely unique nor guaranteed to put an end to internal combustion (let alone support the firm's ludicrous market valuation). What is revolutionary, however, is Elon Musk's desire to build a retail network free from the franchise-dealer monopoly. And, despite some setbacks this week, he might just succeed.

By attacking the gatekeepers of automotive retail, Tesla is promising not just a unique sales and service experience for its well-off customers, but a more liberalized, competitive market for all car buyers. In this sense, Tesla does indeed hold the promise of a better -- if not greener-- future.

The dealers themselves, of course, are none too pleased. And they have one of the best-funded and most active political lobbies in the U.S., even securing for themselves an inexplicable exemption from Consumer Finance Protection Bureau oversight. Worse, Tesla is facing not just a federal-level battle with this implacable foe, but a state-by-state fight as well, with New Jersey and Texas becoming the latest to ban direct sales.

After all, car dealers have everything at stake. Unlike most developed markets, the U.S. is built on a system that allows new vehicles to be sold only by franchised dealers. This not only bars makers such as Tesla from cutting out the middleman and selling directly to consumers, it prevents new players from entering the market and providing new sources of competition. As Alex Tabarrok points out in a excellent post at Marginal Revolution, the initial benefits of the dealer franchise system have long since given way to rent-seeking, inefficiency and unintended consequences.

Indeed, the excesses of the dealer-franchise monopoly go a long way in explaining the woes of Detroit's automakers. Locked into franchise agreements that they can break only at extreme cost (see the $1 billion GM paid to buy out Oldsmobile dealers in 2004), U.S. automakers are hampered in adjusting sales and branding to changes in demographics and taste. Moreover, the franchise system encourages automakers to push volume onto their dealers in pursuit of short-term goals, in turn leading to steeper discounts, worse resale values and long-term damage to brand equity. Not coincidentally, Europe and Japan's more competitive retail markets provide incentive for car manufacturers to more closely match supply with demand, preventing the excesses that lead to massive crashes like the one that forced GM and Chrysler into the arms of the U.S. government in 2008.

So what chance does Elon Musk have of realizing his vision of a post-monopoly car market? Actually, momentum might be on his side. Chrysler's new owner Fiat recently battled California's car dealers for the right to operate non-franchise "retail laboratories" for its Fiat 500 city cars. TrueCar, an online car shopping site, butted heads with dealers over online price competition. Ebay and Groupon have dipped toes into new-car sales, Costco is nibbling around the edges of the dealer monopoly, and even major automakers show real interest in the potential for online sales. Even in the realm of service, where dealers make up for slim sales margins with huge profits, growing support for "right to repair" legislation -- which would force automakers to give the same information and tools to independent repair shops that they provide to dealers -- threatens an arguably more important dealer monopoly.
http://www.bloombergview.com/article...ealer-monopoly
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  #332  
Old Posted Mar 21, 2014, 4:58 PM
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Rules on efficiency, emissions to squeeze California gasoline demand
18 March 2014

The Golden State could blaze a trail for other parts of the US, as new regulations and the spread of electric vehicles reduce its gasoline demand by between 9% and 13% by 2020

New York and London, 18 March 2014 ‒ California may cut its transport fuel consumption by more than a billion gallons per year by 2020 as a result of policy initiatives and local support for electric and high-efficiency vehicles, according to research from Bloomberg New Energy Finance.

The analysis puts forward two scenarios for the development of gasoline demand in the state over the next seven years. The base-case scenario sees consumption falling from 12.3bn gallons in 2014, to 11.2bn gallons in 2020, a reduction of 9%. In a slightly more aggressive scenario, in which efficiency standards are strictly met, the drop in demand would be 1.7bn gallons, or 13%.

Salim Morsy, advanced transportation analyst at Bloomberg New Energy Finance, said: “California will experience a significant shift in the make-up of both transport fuel demand and the composition of the vehicle fleet. A drop in net fossil fuel demand may put pressure on California oil refiners’ margins in the coming seven years.”

The research highlights several influences on the California transport market that are likely to be important. Federal fuel efficiency regulations, commonly known as CAFE standards (1), will be the primary factor behind the erosion of demand, bolstered by the California zero-emissions vehicle program, the federal Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) and California Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS).

These will encourage Californians to drive vehicles with low gasoline consumption per mile, including hybrid electric-gasoline cars and gas-fueled models ‒ and, in the case of the RFS, the use of ethanol and other biofuels. In addition, there will be greater penetration of cars with no tailpipe emissions at all entering the vehicle fleet – such as plug-in electric vehicles. In 2013, some 20,000 plug in hybrid and 22,000 electric vehicles were sold in California, according to the California New Car Dealers Association. The two totals together represent 2.5% of new light vehicle sales for the year.

A significant reduction in gasoline consumption in the most populous US state would not be unprecedented – since 2002 gasoline demand has dropped by more than 3bn gallons per year, as consumers have opted to drive fewer miles, partly in response to increases in fuel prices, and the fleet has become more efficient.
http://about.bnef.com/press-releases...soline-demand/

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2020 California transport outlook: the decarbonisation drive
18 March 2014

Californian fuel demand, and its vehicle fleet, will be reshaped in the coming six years through a combination of regulatory and economic factors. This change to its transport system will point to potential alterations in other Western economies.

Please click here to download the full white paper in PDF.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

● Gasoline demand in the state of California will contract from today’s 12.3bn to 11.2bn gallons a year by 2020, a 9% drop, according to our base-case scenario. Federal efficiency regulation will be the primary factor behind this erosion of fuel demand. The Californian zero-emissions vehicle programme (ZEV), federal Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS2) and California Low Carbon Fuel (LCFS) standard will all also contribute to driving down gasoline demand in the state.

● In an alternative scenario, under a plausible if more aggressive set of adoption conditions, gasoline demand contracts to 10.6bn gallons, representing a 13% drop. In this scenario we assume efficiency standards are strictly adhered to and that the fleet renewal rate increases slightly. Both scenarios effectively play out a trend that started over a decade ago. Since 2002, Californian gasoline demand has fallen from 15.4bn gallons, primarily the result of consumers travelling slightly fewer miles and the fleet becoming more fuel-efficient.

● We project that diesel demand will remain approximately flat at 3.7bn gallons per year between 2014 and 2020: interestingly, this is despite the vehicle-miles-travelled data for diesel vehicles increasing during the same period. We believe liquefied natural gas, or LNG, consumption in the state will increase fivefold as it will be approximately $1 per diesel gallon equivalent cheaper than diesel. LNG should therefore effectively displace 600m gallons of Californian diesel demand.

● Stronger diesel efficiency regulation will likewise start to have an impact on diesel demand later in the decade. Biodiesel blending meanwhile could comfortably exceed the modest mandate of 5% due to the economics of complying with the LCFS.

● In addition there will be a greater penetration of cars with no tailpipe emissions entering the vehicle fleet. Shrinking gasoline demand, and the pressure of tightening regulation, could see crude oil refineries lower utilisation rates and the state’s refining sector could therefore be subject to consolidation.
http://about.bnef.com/white-papers/2...sport-outlook/

Quote:
BMW Aims For 100,000 Electric Vehicles Per Year By 2020, Compared To Tesla’s 500,000 & Nissan/Renault’s 1.5 Million
by Zach
on March 21, 2014

BMW is considered to be one of the major auto manufacturers that is more bullish about electric vehicles. It has built the BMW i3 and BMW i8 from the ground up, and it has already stated that it plans to have electric versions of all of its models.

Recently, BMW Chairman Norbert Reithofer said they were aiming to make 100,000 electric vehicles per year by 2020. Now, that may sound like a lot, but let’s put it into a little bit of perspective.

For one, by 2020, Tesla is aiming to build about 500,000 electric vehicles from batteries manufactured at its planned Gigafactory — a whopping 5 times more than BMW. Furthermore, the Renault–Nissan Alliance plans to sell about 1.5 million per year by that time. a cool 15 times more than BMW.

So, how aggressively is BMW really pushing the electric envelope?

Well, maybe it’s not pushing but being pushed. Reithofer also noted: ”we will be forced to build them in a six digits figure to comply with stricter emission rules.”
http://evobsession.com/bmw-aims-1000...s-1-5-million/

Last edited by amor de cosmos; Mar 21, 2014 at 5:46 PM.
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  #333  
Old Posted Mar 22, 2014, 5:36 PM
amor de cosmos amor de cosmos is offline
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Improved pavement markings can save lives
New Concordia study shows road safety could be enhanced by better roadway lines

Posted on March 19, 2014 | By: Suzanne Bowness

As spring finally emerges after a ferocious winter, our battered roads will soon be re-exposed. While potholes and cracks might make news, a larger concern should be the deterioration to pavement markings, from yellow to white lines, which are a major factor in preventing traffic accidents.

A study from Concordia University, funded by Infrastructure Canada and published in Structure and Infrastructure Engineering, found that snowplows are the biggest culprit in erasing roadway markings.

The research team also examined the impact of salt and sand on the visibility of pavement markings. The conclusion: a simple switch in paint can save cars — and lives.

Using data from the Ontario and Quebec ministries of transportation and the municipalities of Montreal and Ottawa, Professor Tarek Zayed of Concordia’s Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering measured the relationship between materials used in pavement markings, and their age and durability.

He also compared highways with city roads, examined traffic levels and took note of the types of vehicles involved. Finally, Zayed and his research team examined marking types such as highway centre lines, pedestrian crosswalks and traffic intersections.

They found snowploughs to be the worst on roads because they literally scrape paint off the streets. “Snow removal is the major contributing factor to wear and tear on pavement markings, because when snow is pushed off the road, part of the markings is taken off too,” says Zayed.

What can improve the chances of pavement markings surviving the winter? Zayed suggests that an upgrade to more expensive and durable epoxy paint might be more cost effective in the long run. Other options include paint tape and thermoplastic, although these are quite expensive.
http://www.concordia.ca/news/stories...savelives.html
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases...0320101513.htm
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  #334  
Old Posted Mar 23, 2014, 5:25 PM
amor de cosmos amor de cosmos is offline
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An Electric Porsche? It Could Happen in 2015!

The Porsche hybrid 918 Spyder went into production last year thanks to the “outstanding customer response” for the $845,000 vehicle. Given Porsche’s interest in green speed, it comes as no surprise that in a recent interview with German magazine Auto, Motor und Sport, Porsche CEO Matthias Müller revealed his desire to launch an all-electric sports car. But can Porsche create a fast EV with a practical range?

We know that an all-electric Porsche will not be offered with an optional gas-burning range extender. Müller has stated that he believes a small engine needlessly adds weight. Instead, the proposed electric Porsche will rely on a battery pack big enough to provide a driving range of anywhere between 190 and 250 miles.

But Porsche wasn’t able to accomplish a range of that size three years ago. In 2011, the company built three experimental, all-electric Porsche Boxster E models, and entered them into a large-scale trial to study the feasibility of EV development. All three Boxster Es were slower than the average Porsche (which doesn’t necessarily mean they’re slow) and had a driving range of “just” 107 miles. So Porsche, has some work to do if they want to deliver that 200-ish mile range.

Porsche may be able to learn a thing or two from sister companies Audi and Volkswagen, however. The first Audi e-tron concept debuted in 2009 was “a monster” with four electric motors which, together, produced an impressive 313 HP coupled with a jaw-dropping 3300 lb-ft of torque. And engineers and researchers were able to improve the battery pack, even going as far as to change the chemical makeup. The result is an Audi EV with close to 400 km, or 250 miles of driving range between charges.

Similarly, Volkswagen recently announced plans to work on a powerful new battery for its EV fleet. Speaking at the Geneva motor show, Dr. Heinz-Jakob Neusser said that “an 80kWh unit is under development using our own technology. It would provide between three and four times the battery power in a given package.” This means that a battery of equivalent physical size to that used in the new 2015 Volkswagen e-Golf could hold the amount of energy in a top-end Tesla Model S.
http://gas2.org/2014/03/23/electric-...ev-sports-car/

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Tesla To Open Battery Swapping Stations Within “Next Few Months,” Elon Musk Says
by Zach
on March 22, 2014

Tesla’s first battery-swapping stations were supposed to open by the end of 2013. They didn’t and they haven’t opened yet. However, Tesla Motors CEO & Chief Product Architect Elon Musk says that they will open within the “next few months.”

Depending on how usage goes at these first battery-swapping stations, Tesla will decide whether or not to build more.

You may recall that Tesla unveiled its battery-swapping capabilities at a demo in California back in June 2013. At the demo, Tesla employees performed a 90-second battery swap in a Tesla Model S. Not much could be seen, unfortunately, but I assume that’s because Tesla didn’t want anyone stealing its technology.
http://evobsession.com/tesla-open-ba...lon-musk-says/

Quote:
New Disease Afflicting Chevy Volt Owners
by Zach
on March 21, 2014

Frankly, I’ve seen this over and over again — with the Chevy Volt, the Tesla Model S, the Nissan Leaf, and probably other electric cars. It’s a problem… well, a temporary problem, but actually a good thing in the long run! Here are the details from a post on the GM-Volt.com forum:
Who else is/was afflicted by this ailment?

When I first purchased the Volt, I envisioned it being my daily driver to work. My roundtrip commute is 17 miles, so I was thinking I would just about never use any gas! A little while after purchase I sat down with the wife, it was agreed she’d take the Volt on M/W/F since she had to shuttle the kids to preschool those days and would drive up to 40 miles. I would drive the Volt to work Tu/Th. That made the most sense as it would minimize gas usage. The other person would take the ICE’er the other days (GMC Terrain).

Then a few weeks later she came to me and said “I don’t like the way the Terrain drives! It doesn’t have any power and the engine sound is annoying. And I don’t like switching cars every other day! I’m taking the Volt M-F!”. It was at that time I was afflicted with“Thewifestolemyvolt” disease.

I (mostly) cured myself by getting her to agree to swap the GMC for a Cmax Energi (2nd car needed to have 5 seats, decent storage, and 20+ mile range, and the Cmax winded up the winner). Now we both have EVs that will cover the bulk of our normal driving without having to burn any gas!
http://evobsession.com/new-disease-a...y-volt-owners/
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  #335  
Old Posted Mar 24, 2014, 5:40 PM
amor de cosmos amor de cosmos is offline
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EV wedge: How electric vehicle fuel savings vary by country
By Lindsay Wilson on 24 March 2014
Shrink That Footprint

Have you ever heard of the EV Wedge?

No? Me neither. Let’s try to define it then.

If you’d asked me to define the ‘Electric Vehicle Wedge’ a few years ago I would have chuckled a little, and suggested it was the small pile of cash you needed to afford one. But due to falling EV prices and rising gasoline prices that snark is utterly outdated.

In almost all countries it is cheaper to power an electric vehicle than fuel a gasoline car. The cost gap between these two fueling options is what I like to call the EV Wedge . In some countries this wedge is so damn big that EV drivers can’t sit straight for all the cash in their wallet.

Comparing Gasoline and Electric Fuel Costs

This post provides a cheap and cheerful comparison of fuel costs for electric vehicles and gasoline cars. To keep it simple I thought we’d look at the costs of fuel for driving 10,000 miles. This is about 25% less than Americans drive each year, or 20% more than Europeans.

The graph below compares the fuel costs of driving 10,000 miles in a Nissan Leaf (electric) and Toyota Prius (gasoline hybrid). I’ve shown this graph first so we can see how the fuel savings are calculated. It also shows us that both the electricity price and gasoline price are relevant when estimating the fuel savings.



What to make of the EV Wedge?

To keep this post a bit of fun I avoided delving into lifetime cost comparisons and the fuzzy assumptions they involve. Instead I’m just trying to point out something that should be clear by now. Powering a car with electricity is cheaper than fueling it with gasoline (unless you live in Caracas).

Here are some basic takeaways:
  • Gas prices are key: the higher the gasoline price the bigger your potential savings are. This makes electric cars attractive in Europe.
  • Electricity prices also matter: the potential benefits of going electric can be eroded by high electricity prices. Germany and Australia are good examples.
  • Fuel economy matters too: the poorer the fuel economy of the car you are switching from the bigger your fuel savings will be. You can see this in the more than doubling of the wedge between the Prius and the Camry.

Because of the varying differentials between gasoline and electricity prices the fuel savings from going electric vary massively from place to place. But in general the economics for electric vehicles just keep getting better.

If you’re looking at buying an electric vehicle in a couple of years when prices drop some more there is something worth thinking about. You see electric vehicles are a bit like solar was a few years ago. There are currently some very attractive grants and tax breaks that take some pain out of the purchase price, and this means EVs look great from a lifetime cost perspective.
http://reneweconomy.com.au/2014/ev-w...-country-92245

Quote:
Electric Mercedes S-Class WIll Follow The Plug-In Hybrid

Mercedes-Benz is going green, and according to one of their top tech guys, the German automaker will launch an all-electric S-Class…eventually. The problem, of course, is battery capacities, but if Tesla can do it, surely Mercedes can figure it out too?

An all-electric Mercedes S-Class won’t be unveiled for awhile yet though, as the S-Class plug-in hybrid is only just starting to roll out. It’s powerful and efficient vehicle, no doubt, but Tesla has shown that there is most certainly a market for premium electric vehicles. More importantly though, chief of S Class engineering Uwe Ernstberger thinks that autonomous vehicles will lead the way in the next few years.

Mercedes plans to be at the forefront of self-driving cars, though Uwe admits there are still plenty of challenges in launching that technology as well. The Mercedes S-Class already employs a suite of autonomous driving technologies, and if you combine that with an all-electric drivetrain, a real Tesla Model S rival starts to shape up. It’d have to be a marked step up from the Mercedes B-Class or SLS Electric Drive models though, neither of which have the range to rival Elon Musk’s electric car, even though the two are said to be growing closer.
http://gas2.org/2014/03/14/electric-...w-plug-hybrid/
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  #336  
Old Posted Mar 25, 2014, 7:28 PM
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The Next Bold Step in Transportation: Personal Rapid Transit Systems

Read More: http://www.impactlab.net/2014/03/13/...ansit-systems/

Quote:
.....

Currently four thought leaders are leading the charge for PRTs, each proposing a different solution to the world’s growing transportation problems – Elon Musk, founder of Hyperloop; Jerry Sanders, CEO of Skytran; Bill James, CEO of Jpods; and Daryl Oster, CEO of ET3.

.....

1.) Elon Musk – Hyperloop: While easily the best known of the group and certainly the most accomplished, serving as CEO for both Space X and Tesla Motors, Elon Musk has proposed a system he calls Hyperloop. The Hyperloop system is a concept for high-speed tube transportation where pressurized capsules ride on a cushion of air inside of reduced-pressure tubes, powered by a combination of linear induction motors and air compressors. Speeds of up to 760 mph may be possible with this approach. While initially conceived as larger scale vehicles with over 20 passengers, smaller PRT cars could still be added to the mix.

2.) Jerry Sanders, CEO of Skytran: Skytran is a personal rapid transit system that allows up to two passengers inside a well-spaced pod. The pods are accelerated via linear electric motors on an elevated maglev track. Because there are no moving parts, the pods can reach speeds of 165 mph. Skytran’s goal is to end traffic congestion around most major metropolitan areas. NASA Ames has built a Skytran test route and Skytran is building its own system in Tel-Aviv.

3.) Bill James, CEO of Jpods: JPods are also a personal rapid transit system able to move cargo and passengers at 35 mph on an elevated guide way that operates so efficiently that it could be powered by solar energy. While 35 mph may not seem fast, this becomes the last-mile component of the larger PRT ecosystem. Jpods has a letter of intent to build systems in both Linyi and Anshan, China as well as a project in Secaucus, NJ.

4.) Daryl Oster, CEO of ET3: ET3 (Evacuated Tube Transport Technologies) is a system where car sized capsules composed of high temperature superconductivity maglev materials that levitate on a permanent magnet track within the tube. The tubes are evacuated of air, with almost no air resistance, the capsules are accelerated via LEM. The Chinese have been researching and developing ET3 for 12 years. Three miles is needed for proof of concept. City to city networks via ET3 would allow 800lbs cargo/freight or up to 4 adult passengers, including luggage to travel 400-600 mph within local ETT-Evacuated Tube Transport networks. ETT networks would be able to connect with other local ETT networks while operating cross nationally around 1,000-4,000 mph.

.....

- A city-to-city route within a 200-600 mile range with an ET3 or Hyperloop system will be able to ship things like food, merchandise, or even a couch at a fraction of the cost of truck or rail. Individual capsules can be modified to handle liquids as well, opening the door to shipping things like milk, oil, fertilizer, and more.

- As networks expand, the definition of a metro area will expand as people begin to routinely commute 500 – 1,000 miles each way for their jobs. A city like Milwaukee may be considered a suburb of Chicago as travel time is reduced. The entire Boston to Washington corridor could be massively linked into one large metro area. --- High priced real estate will likely lose its ability to command their current exorbitant prices, as far less expensive communities suddenly become only minutes away.

- Airlines will need to adapt to this new form of competition. As new routes get linked to the PRTs, traffic will begin to drop and schedules will have to be adjusted accordingly. Over time, airlines will become relegated to luxury class travel serving a far different clientele. --- By 2035, PRTs will be crisscrossing most of the modernized world. Roadway bottlenecks will no longer be an issue and traffic will flow easily between North and South America, between Europe, Asia, and Africa, and even between North America and Asia by way of the Bering Strait.

- Once ET3 is connected between the U.S. and China, the tube transportation system will have ultra high-speed vehicles operating at 4,000 mph, making the trip between Washington and Beijing in only 2 hours. This will indeed be the equivalent of space travel on earth. However this entire journey begins with a few critical decisions that need to be made today.

.....



ET3






Hyperloop






Jpods











PRT Station

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  #337  
Old Posted Mar 25, 2014, 8:05 PM
amor de cosmos amor de cosmos is offline
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Simulations to reduce emissions from road transport

Researchers at the UPM are developing a methodology to estimate atmospheric emissions from road transport that will help to make environmental decisions.


The research result conducted by the School of Engineering of the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) is a model system that allows the simulation of future cases of greenhouse gas and air pollutants emissions from vehicles. This proved how difficult is to implement measures that could help simultaneously reduce both types of emissions.

The emission problems of greenhouse gas and air pollutants are the big challenges of road transport today. Its contribution to climate change and the low urban air quality are the main reasons why road transport increase is currently being limited.

Researchers of the Environmental Technology and Industry Resources group have developed a methodology that can calculate the emissions of an area transport fleet, taking into account vehicle types and environmental laws of that area.

Therefore, this simulation model can assess the impact of policies and measures such as support systems for vehicle renewal, speed reduction, market penetration of less powerful engines, vehicles fuel change, the city circulation restriction policy and the biofuel usage awareness.
http://www.upm.es/internacional/UPM/...0009c7648aRCRD
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases...0324090244.htm

Quote:
EVs at Home on Texas’ Range
John Gartner — March 21, 2014

Selling electric vehicles (EVs) in oil-rich Texas is comparable to Nixon going to China, and the effort thus far has had similarly unexpected but successful results. Cars that do not use gas are proving surprisingly popular in the Lone Star State, and one of the main drivers for EVs has nothing to do with the cars themselves.

Navigant Research’s report, Electric Vehicle Geographic Forecasts, estimates that Texas has around 5,000 registered EVs currently and that this number will grow to nearly 100,000 by 2023. While the well-to-do from Texas’ oil & gas industry can afford the higher price of an EV, the state’s utility structure is playing a major role in supporting EV sales.

As a deregulated state, Texas allows utilities to directly participate in EV charging, which provides a new revenue stream for power distribution companies that, in other states, are focused on reducing load through energy efficiency measures. Because they can (and because it increases their profits), utilities NRG, Austin Energy, and CPS Energy have all begun installing EV charging stations across the state. A visible, reliable network of charging stations is essential to increasing consumers’ confidence that they won’t have to worry about getting stranded with a dwindling battery while about town.

Among the Drillers

CPS Energy’s network of charging stations helps to prevent the state from running afoul of federal air quality laws. NRG’s eVgo network has several subscription options to reduce the cost of home and public charging. Also, Nissan LEAF drivers in the Houston and Dallas-Fort Worth areas also have access to free charging thanks to Nissan, which is subsidizing the NRG eVgo network in an attempt to bolster vehicle sales. Another EV charging network growing in Texas is Tesla Motors’ SuperCharger network, which encircles the Dallas, Austin, and Houston areas.
http://www.navigantresearch.com/blog...on-texas-range
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  #338  
Old Posted Mar 25, 2014, 9:51 PM
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Downtown Bolivar Downtown Bolivar is offline
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I'm sorry but to characterize PRT as the "next bold step in transportation" is patently ridiculous and false as the idea has been floating around for decades. Elon Musk's vacuum tube transport has been around for about 125 years--take a look in the London Underground museum sometime to see how old the idea is. I've got nothing against any of these ideas, but they're not new and so far, they haven't proved very effective in experiments or appetizing price-wise to build out.
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  #339  
Old Posted Mar 26, 2014, 4:44 AM
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Here's a map of all rail transit in the USA. Taken from http://transitoriented.tumblr.com/

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  #340  
Old Posted Mar 26, 2014, 8:22 AM
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I'm trying to see what that thing is that gets Windsor to show up on the map. Is there a an active streetcar proposal or something?
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